Three early cultivation techniques for planting plums

Three early cultivation techniques of plums:

First, reasonable construction to promote the formation of early flower buds: in the year of Li Dingzhi, when the new shoots grew to about 30 cm, they carried out heart-picking control to promote secondary shoots and form flower buds. For example, after picking the hearts of Misi Li, Dashi Zhongsheng and Dashi Zaosheng, 40% of the accessory shoots can form flower buds, while plum trees that are not in the heart in summer generally do not form flower buds in that year. In the first year of winter pruning, the branches of the same year are generally released slowly but not cut, and for dense branches, only growing branches and shading branches are treated by sparse methods. In this way, a large number of subordinate flower buds can be formed on the slow branches in the same year. When cutting in winter in the third year, the slowly released branches should be retracted properly to avoid the weakness of the branches. In the following winter pruning, slow trimming will be used in turn.

Second, rational fertilization to promote flower bud differentiation and fruit early ripening coloring: fertilization should pay attention to the cooperation of various fertilizers, especially to apply sufficient accumulated fertilizer before defoliation in autumn. In the second year, the plum fruit should apply appropriate amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer before ripening. To promote flower bud differentiation and fruit coloring. Nitrogen fertilizer has a great influence on the ripening of plum fruit sooner or later, so the application rate of nitrogen fertilizer should be controlled before plum harvest. In this way, the mature period of plum fruit can be advanced so as to improve its commodity value.

Third, prevent the low temperature in spring to increase the fruit setting rate: plum is often affected by low temperature injury at flowering stage. For this reason, water can be irrigated before bud germination in spring to reduce soil temperature, delay germination and postpone flowering. Summer pruning is more heart-picking, short-cutting and promoting the development of secondary shoots, and the flowering time of secondary shoots is 7 to 10 days longer than that of main shoots. In the middle and late September of autumn, ethephon can be sprayed 100 mg per plant, and the florescence of the following year can be delayed by 3 to 5 days. The above measures can be used to avoid the harm of low temperature in early spring to flowers, so as to improve the fruit setting rate.