Summer management techniques of planting plums

1 summer pruning

1.1 sprout and tip removal. Immediately after germination, the buds are broken into wiping buds; when the buds develop into twigs, they are cut off or broken off, which is called shoot removal.

1.2 pick the heart. The time of coring can be carried out when the new tip grows to 10-15 cm. The number of heart-picking depends on the growth and requirements of the tree.

1.3 twist the tip. During the twisting period, when the new shoot grows to 30 cm and is not lignified, the dorsal branch, competitive branch and introverted branch should be twisted gently 180 °at a distance of 5 cm to 10 cm from the base.

1.4 take a branch. In July to annual erect branches, competing branches bend by hand from the base of the branch, and then bend upward every 5 cm to the apex.

1.5 girdling. When the growth was nearly stopped, the trunk or branches of the tree were peeled in a ring, and the peeling width was about 1 / 10 of the diameter of the strips, and the effect of promoting flowers was obvious.

2 Flower and fruit management

2.1 Flower thinning. The fruit trees with weak growth potential and large flowers should be thinned more and less, while those with strong growth potential should be sparse less and stay more.

2.2 thinning fruit. According to a bouquet-shaped fruit branch, there are 1 fruit in the short fruit branch, 1 fruit in the short fruit branch (no fruit in the short fruit branch with few leaves), 2 fruit in the middle fruit branch and 4 fruit in the long fruit branch.

3Fertilizer and water management

3.1 topdressing before flowering. Ten days before the plum sprouting (early April), 0.5 kilogram of available nitrogen fertilizer or 25 kilograms of mature manure can be applied to the plant.

3.2 topdressing after anthesis. Quick-acting nitrogen and potassium fertilizer should be applied in time to reduce physiological fruit drop. From late May to mid-June, 0.5 kg was applied to the plant.

3.3 topdressing during fruit expansion and flower bud differentiation. From the physiological drop to the period of rapid expansion (from late June to mid-August), the compound fertilizer of available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium was applied, and the plant was applied 0.5 kg.

3.4 topdressing in the later stage of fruit growth. Topdressing before the fruit begins to be colored to harvest. This time, it is mainly phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, and the foliar spraying of available nitrogen fertilizer is better, with a concentration of 0.2%-0.3%, combined with spraying.

(4) Disease and pest control

4.1 Plum red spot disease

4.1.1 spray 1 ∶ 2 ∶ 200 Bordeaux liquid at the pre-flowering stage and when the leaf buds unfold.

4.1.2 remove the diseased leaves and fruits in the plum garden and destroy them centrally.

4.2 Prevention and control of plum gum disease. Scrape off the glue part, then smear Baume 5 degree stone sulfur mixture, and finally apply white lead oil protective agent.

4.3 Plum heart borer

4.3.1 turn over the tree plate in spring to destroy the overwintering place of larvae and reduce the number of overwintering insects.

4.3.2 during the peak incubation period of plum heart borer larvae, 5% Lefuling EC 2000-4000 times or 40% triazophos EC 1000 times were sprayed.

4.4 aphids

4.4.1 spray 2.5% Kung Fu EC 4000 times or 40% dimethoate 2000 times before rolling leaves in spring.

4.4.2 use 7 parts of 40% dimethoate emulsion and 3 parts of water during the growing season, apply the solution around the trunk with a brush, about 6 cm wide, and wrap it with a piece of paper.

4.5 Red Spider

4.5.1 spray Baume 5 degree stone sulfur mixture before sprouting.

4.5.2 during the growth period, spray Baume 5 degree stone sulfur mixture, or spray 4000 × 5000 times 20% acaridone wettable powder, or spray 2500 times 50% phoxim emulsion. It should be sprayed once every 10 days and 3 times in a row.