The technique of high grafting and changing head by cutting the belly of planting plum trees

1. Prepare before:

Generally, one-year-old branches without diseases and insect pests are cut in February as scions, preferably those that are fully mature at the upper periphery of the crown, full of leaf buds and well-developed, cut branches of 15cm to 20cm (with 3cm buds), heat to 90cm 100 ℃ with paraffin water, quickly dissolve wax at the upper end of the branches, cool them into 1 bundle per 50mm 100, and label them. Store in a container with 3 / 5 ℃ and 70% / 80% humidity.

2. Grafting time and method:

Grafting occurs when the buds of the rootstock begin to sprout without spreading leaves. Generally, strong branches with less than 3 years old are selected for high grafting, and 20 cm to 30 cm are left for high grafting. First, use a sharp knife to cut a large cutting surface of 2 cm by 3 cm on one side of the scion and a small surface of 1 cm by 1.5 cm on the other side. The cutting surface must be smooth, the long cutting surface should be cut to the pith line, and the short cutting surface should be determined according to the cut of the rootstock. In the smooth place near the base of the branch to be high, select the appropriate angle, cut downward with a sharp knife, and reach to the 2 points of the stock, making the knife edge longer than 2 cm, then quickly embed the long cutting side of the scion inward, align the outer side of the formation layer, cut off the part above the interface of the rootstock, and then wrap the wound tightly with an elastic plastic film strip. The rootstock incision should not be cut to or across the medullary line, otherwise it is not conducive to growth and development.

3. Post-management:

Wipe off the sprouting on the rootstock in time after high grafting. About 15 days after that, check whether it is alive or not, and those who do not survive should be replaced in time. When the new tip on the high graft reaches 20cm to 30cm, set up a pole, tie the pole tightly to the rootstock, then fix the new tip rope to the pole to prevent wind damage, and loosen the bound plastic film to prevent constriction. Adjust the angle and direction of the main branch in time. For auxiliary branches, when the new shoots grow to 40 cm to 50 cm, leave 20 cm to 30 cm for heart-picking, generally 2-3 times, and the last time in mid-September. Strengthen fertilizer and water management and pest control.