Plum trees should be fully fertilized with basic fertilizer

At present, the organic matter of most plum orchards is less than 1%, and some plum orchards are even less than 0.5%, which is far below the requirements of high-quality and high-yield orchards, so it is necessary to increase the amount of base fertilizer. If the dual needs of tree growth and soil improvement are taken into account at the same time, the application rate of organic fertilizer should be controlled in the standard of 1 jin of fruit and 3 jin of fertilizer. Therefore, for a middle-class plum orchard with a yield of about 1500 kg per mu, the amount of organic fertilizer should not be less than 3000 kg.

The most suitable time for applying basal fertilizer was autumn (one month before defoliation), followed by defoliation to pre-freezing, and spring thawing to germination. The application of basic fertilizer in autumn has sufficient time to mature, and can heal the broken roots and send out new roots, because this is the peak period of root growth, and the absorption of roots can improve the storage nutrition level of the tree. and can promote the development and enrichment of flower buds, higher nutrient storage of trees and timely supply of nutrients in the soil in early spring, which can meet the needs of leaf sprouting, flowering and fruit setting and shoot growth in spring. When base fertilizer is applied after defoliation and spring, the effect of fertilizer is late, and it has little effect on the growth and development of fruit trees in early spring. when the fertilizer is absorbed and utilized in large amounts, it often reaches the prosperous period of new shoots. Orchards with dry and unwatered conditions in mountainous areas can not be irrigated immediately after applying base fertilizer, so base fertilizer can also be applied in the rainy season. But organic fertilizer must be fully mature fine fertilizer, fertilizing speed should be fast, and pay attention to do not hurt the thick root.

When the source of organic fertilizer is insufficient, straw and weeds can also be used as a supplement and mixed with organic fertilizer. It is worth noting that although the source of organic fertilizer is limited, we must follow the principle of ensuring local and centralized root distribution layer, and adopt concentrated hole application to give full play to the fertilizer effect of organic fertilizer. Concentrated hole application is to dig a hole 50 cm deep and 30 cm to 40 cm in diameter from the edge of the crown, the number of which depends on the amount of fertilizer, and then mix the organic fertilizer with soil with 1 ∶ 3 or add some straw, fill the hole and water again. In addition, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer and even zinc and iron fertilizer can be mixed with organic fertilizer to improve its utilization rate.