Control of insects in the fruits of growing plums

When it comes to plums, I think we are no stranger. I remember that when I was a child, there were several plum trees in front of my house, but at that time our family did not need too much management of plum trees and could produce a lot of fruit every year. But if you want to produce delicious and good-looking plums, you can't let it go.

Control of insects in the fruits of growing plums

This insect is a small Lepidoptera pest of the family Lepidoptera, and it is the most serious pest that harms plum fruit, often with a damage rate of 80% to 90%. Teardrop-shaped pectin flowed from the wormhole, and the injured fruit could not continue to develop and gradually turned purplish red and fell off. The path of the killed fruit insect is full of red insect dung, and the fellow-townsman called it "bean paste stuffing".

Control methods: the key period for the control of plum heart borer is the peak period of adult and spawning of each generation and the burying period of the first generation of mature larvae. 90% trichlorfon 0.8% solution, 50% malathion 1% solution, 50% dichlorvos 0.8% solution. Before fruit drop, 50% phoxim 1%-1.5% solution was applied to the soil under the crown of Li Shu. At the end of falling flower (95% falling flower), when the small fruit has wheat grain size, spray the first time, with dichlorvos, enemy kill, quick kill, Lefuling can be sprayed every 7-10 days. From the point of view of comprehensive control, biological agents can be used for soil treatment under the canopy, such as Beauveria bassiana. The fallen fruit should be swept away after autumn to reduce the source of insects in the coming year.

Morphological characteristics of plum trees

Deciduous trees, 9-12 m tall, crown broadly rounded, bark grayish brown, undulating, old branches purplish brown or reddish brown, glabrous, branchlets yellowish red, glabrous, winter buds ovoid, reddish purple, with several imbricate scales, usually glabrous, sparse scales with extremely sparse hairs on the margin.

1. Leaves

Leaf blade oblong-Obovate, long elliptic, sparsely oblong-ovate, 6-8 (- 12) cm long, 3-5 cm wide, apex acuminate, acute or short tail tip, base cuneate, margin obtusely doubly serrated, often mixed with single serrations, tooth tip with glands when young, dark green above, glossy, lateral veins 6-10 pairs, not reaching the edge of the leaf, at an angle of 45 °to the main vein, both surfaces glabrous Sometimes sparsely pilose or bearded below along main veins, stipules membranous, linear, apex acuminate, margin glandular, caducous, petiole 1-2 cm long, usually glabrous, apical with 2 glands or absent, sometimes glandular at leaf blade basal margin.

2. Flowers

Flowers usually 3 concomitant, pedicels 1-2 cm, usually glabrous, flowers 1.5-2.2 cm in diameter, calyx tube campanulate, sepals oblong-ovate, ca. 5 mm, apex acute or obtuse, margin sparsely toothed, nearly as long as calyx tube, calyx tube and sepals outside glabrous, inner surface sparsely pilose at base of calyx tube, petals white, oblong-Obovate, apex Erose, base cuneate, with obvious purplish veins, short claws Inserted on the edge of calyx tube, 2-3 times longer than calyx tube, stamens numerous, filaments different in length, arranged in irregular 2 whorls, shorter than petals, pistil 1, stigma discoid, style slightly longer than stamens.

3. Fruit

Drupe globose, ovoid or subconical, 3.5-5 cm in diameter, cultivated varieties up to 7 cm, yellow or red, sometimes green or purple, pedicel sunken, tip acuminate, base longitudinally furrowed, covered with wax powder, nuclear ovoid or oblong, wrinkled. The flowering period is April and the fruiting period is July-August.

Nutritional value and efficacy of plums

1. The sour taste of plums can promote the secretion of gastric acid and digestive enzymes, and promote gastrointestinal peristalsis, so it can improve appetite and promote digestion, especially for those with lack of gastric acid, fullness after eating and constipation.

2. Amino acids such as serine, glycine, proline and glutamine in fresh plum meat have the effect of diuresis and detumescence and adjuvant therapy for liver cirrhosis.

3. Plums contain a variety of nutrients, which can nourish beauty and lubricate skin.

4. The content of antioxidants in plums is astonishingly high, which can be called the "super fruit" of anti-aging and anti-disease.

Growth habits of plums

Strong adaptability to the climate, as long as the soil is deep, there is a certain degree of fertility, no matter what kind of soil can be planted. High requirements for air and soil moisture, extremely intolerant of stagnant water, poor orchard drainage, often resulting in rotten roots, poor growth or prone to a variety of diseases. It is appropriate to choose places with loose soil, good soil permeability and drainage, deep soil layer and low groundwater level to build a garden.

Leaf blade oblong-Obovate, long elliptic, sparsely oblong-ovate, 6-8 cm long and 3-5 cm wide, apex acuminate, acute or short tail tip, base cuneate, margin obtusely doubly serrated, often mixed with single serrations, tooth tip glands when young, dark green above, glossy, lateral veins 6-10 pairs, not reaching leaf edge, 45 °angle to main vein, both surfaces glabrous, sometimes sparsely pilose or bearded along main vein below Stipules membranous, linear, apex acuminate, margin glandular, caducous; petiole 1-2 cm long, usually glabrous, apical with 2 glands or absent, sometimes glandular at basal margin of leaf blade.

Flowers usually 3 concomitant; pedicels 1-2 cm, usually glabrous; flowers 1.5-2.2 cm in diameter; calyx tube campanulate; sepals oblong-ovate, ca. 5 mm, apex acute or obtuse, margin sparsely toothed, nearly as long as calyx tube, calyx tube and sepals outside glabrous, inner surface sparsely pilose at the base of calyx tube Petals white, oblong-Obovate, apex Erose, base cuneate, obviously purplish veined, with short claws, inserted at the edge of calyx tube, 2-3 times longer than calyx tube; stamens numerous, filaments unequal, arranged in irregular 2 whorls, shorter than petals; pistil 1, stigma discoid, style slightly longer than stamens.

Before planting plum trees, we should first understand the growth habits and morphological characteristics of plum trees, so that we can have a clear idea and take a lot of detours. In order to spend less time to make more profits. It is essential for fruit growers to take good care of every plum tree if they want to grow plums that look good and sell well.