How to grow cotton well

If you want to grow cotton well, you should master the following key techniques.

First, strictly control the quality of sowing

1. Select high quality and high yield varieties. Select the excellent varieties promoted by the local agricultural technology department.

2. Sow seeds before sowing. On a sunny day, spread the seeds on non-cement ground and sow them in the sun for 5 days to promote post-ripening and improve the germination rate.

3. Sow seeds at the right time. It is generally mastered that the ground temperature is stable at 5 cm and the sowing begins at 16 ℃. The suitable sowing time of plastic film cotton is April 20-30, and that of open field cotton is after April 25.

4. Choose the suitable sowing method. Generally, sandy soil should be sowed first and then covered with plastic film to prevent soil surface from hardening and pressing seedlings; clayey soil and saline-alkali soil should be covered with plastic film before sowing, which is helpful to improve the ground temperature and prevent salt return. The seedlings should be released in time after emergence to prevent the seedlings from being burned.

5. Increase the amount of sowing. The amount of seed used for artificial hole sowing is 1.5 kg per mu, and 4 seeds are sown on demand for each hole and placed centrally, while the amount of seed used for machine sowing is 2.5kg per mu.

II. Strengthening Scientific Management

1. Determine the appropriate density. Different planting densities were selected according to different varieties, different soil fertility and different cultivation methods. For example, the general soil fertility of Ji 668 varieties is 2500Mu / mu, more than 3500 plants / mu in barren land and dry land, and about 2000 plants / mu in simplified cultivation plots. Jiza 3268, 2000,200 plants per mu under conventional cultivation and about 1800 plants per mu under simplified cultivation. The varieties of Jiza 566 were 1800 plants per mu under conventional cultivation and about 1500 plants per mu under simplified cultivation. There are more than 3500 DP99B plants per mu.

2. hit the top at the right time. The plot under conventional cultivation was topped on July 15-20, and the plot for simplified cultivation was topped on July 10-15. DP99B should also pay attention to hitting the top of the group in the first and middle of August.

3. Uncover the film in time. In order to prevent premature senility in the later stage, the film should be uncovered in time, and the time should be carried out in late June.

III. Popularizing applicable technologies

(1) balanced fertilization technology to improve the comprehensive stress resistance of cotton, it is necessary to vigorously popularize the technology of balanced fertilization. According to the principle of "suitable nitrogen, increase phosphorus, heavy potassium, supplement micro", the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium was adjusted to 1V / L / 0.5 / 0.6 / 1. At the same time, boron, zinc and other trace fertilizers were applied to improve the peach setting rate.

1. Re-apply base fertilizer. All phosphorus and potash fertilizers and 50% Mel 60% nitrogen fertilizer are applied at the bottom, with 10 kg of urea, 15 kg of diammonium phosphate, 20 kg of potassium sulfate, 1 kg of boron fertilizer and 2 square meters of mature organic fertilizer.

2. Topdressing flower and boll fertilizer. In the first and middle of July, 15 kg of urea was applied per mu, and 15 kg of diammonium phosphate could be applied to the plots with low base fertilizer and poor growth. It should be watered in time after topdressing, and those without water should be fertilized while it rains.

3. Foliar spraying fertilizer. In the middle and later period, 0.5ml / mu of urea, 0.2kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate or 15ml of rich potassium were sprayed with a small amount of boric acid and 50kg of water. 7Murray was sprayed once every 10 days, and 2murine was sprayed for 3 times.

(2) systematic adjustment technology

Systematic regulation is beneficial to root growth, increase stress resistance, control plant growth, coordinate the relationship between nutrition and reproductive growth, and reduce bud and boll shedding. Therefore, it is necessary to promote the systematic blending technology of cotton and pay special attention to the chemical control of bud stage. Generally grasp the principle of "a small amount of multiple times, light in front and heavy, and increment step by step". Spray Jiaan 3-4 times during the whole growth period: the first time is in mid-June, the amount of use is 1.5 g / mu; the second time is in early July, the amount of use is 2.0 g / mu; the third time is at the end of July. Strict control of sowing quality

IV. Do a good job in the prevention and control of diseases, insect pests and weeds

1. Insect pests. Emphasis should be placed on the control of aphids, thrips, cotton bollworms and bug bugs in the seedling stage. Aphids and thrips can be treated with imidacloprid, and cotton bollworm and bug bug can be sprayed with Lesben and Sebokai at 1:1 and diluted 1500Mel 2000 times.

2. Disease. Adjusting sowing date, avoiding low temperature, seed or soil treatment, spraying Bordeaux solution and carbendazim were selected to control Verticillium wilt and anthracnose at seedling stage. Red leaf yellow blight was solved by increasing potash fertilizer.

3. Grass damage. Use 48% trifluralin EC 70 ml and 50 kg water per mu, spray on the ground before sowing, and rake 3-5 cm concrete. Acetochlor or Dur can also be used for weeding.