The method of growing tea to improve the quality of tea

With the development of China's economy, the improvement of people's living standards and the deepening of opening to the outside world, high-grade tea is increasingly favored by the market, and sales are increasing year by year. Therefore, how to improve the yield of high-grade tea has become an important research topic in tea production. Therefore, the author has carried on the multi-aspect technical discussion, has groped for some experiences, has obtained the good effect. The main links are described below:

1. Strengthen winter fertilization

In winter, sufficient basal fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer should be applied to give full play to the spring effect of fertilizer, so as to make spring tea with high quality and high yield. Usually nitrogen fertilizer is concentrated in spring tea before picking as germination fertilizer, winter nitrogen fertilizer is not applied. According to relevant information, more than 80% of the nutrients required for spring tea, especially nitrogen nutrients, come from the nitrogen absorbed and stored by tea trees in winter. Therefore, applying sufficient fertilizer in winter is the basis for spring tea yield increase, while less than 13% of the germination fertilizer before spring tea picking is absorbed and utilized by tea trees. Therefore, in order to improve the quality of spring tea, it is necessary to use nitrogen fertilizer as furrow fertilizer before picking spring tea, and take out part of it and put it under base fertilizer in winter of last year. In this way, on the basis of applying enough base fertilizer, part of nitrogen fertilizer is added, and part of nitrogen fertilizer is sprayed on leaf surfaces in spring, so as to improve the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer in spring tea and increase yield obviously.

2. Change spring pruning to autumn pruning to promote early development of spring tea buds

Light pruning before spring tea picking, the trauma of tea tree is difficult to heal for a while, the growth is inhibited, the germination of tea tree is delayed, the germination point is reduced, and the yield of spring tea is affected, especially the yield of high-grade spring tea. Instead of autumn tea picking after light pruning, tea trees have plenty of time to heal wounds, restore vitality, can promote spring tea buds early multiple and bud fat, conducive to the production of high-grade spring tea. The production practice proved that the spring tea harvest period could be advanced 5~7 days and the yield of spring tea could be increased by more than 10% by changing the light pruning before picking spring tea into light pruning after picking autumn tea. Autumn tea picking after light pruning, must be carried out after the tea plant ground stops growing.

3, the implementation of tender picking, see bud on the pick, directly improve the yield of high-grade tea

The traditional picking method is to start picking when the bud leaves in the tea garden have 10%~15% and reach the picking standard, and then pick them once after a period of storage. In order to improve the yield of high-grade tea, we should break the traditional picking mode, do not engage in "raising and picking" and implement tender picking, picking when buds appear, that is,"picking one bud in time", willing to invest more labor force in tea garden every day, try to produce more high-grade famous tea, so that although the tea yield is lower than that of the previous rough picking, the output value and income are greatly increased.

4. Effectively do a good job in the comprehensive prevention and control of diseases and insect pests

Clean tea garden in late autumn and early winter, spray stone sulfur mixture to seal garden, reduce disease and insect overwintering base, prevent early spring tea leafhopper, tea aphid, tea looper and other damage to tender shoots. If there are diseases and insect pests, they should be controlled in time in combination with frequent harvesting to avoid pesticide control.

5. How to improve the quality of tea?

If famous tea is polluted, especially export products, its output value and reputation will be seriously frustrated. In order to improve the quality and yield of tea, in addition to planting green manure in tea garden, covering and moisturizing, applying enough farm manure after each harvest, and improving tea making technology, foliar fertilizer should be used skillfully. This is a good method with less fertilizer, quick effect and high income. Generally, the yield can be increased by more than 20%~30%.

1) Fertilization time

in spr, summer and autumn, when a bud and a leaf grow out of that sprouting new shoot of each round of tea leaves, spraying is carried out in the early morning, evening or cloudy day of windless sunny days, and continuous spraying is carried out for 2 to 3 times once a week. Spray until the leaves drip. Fertilizer mix. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are mainly used, and trace fertilizer is supplemented, and the ratio is 4:1:1. The trace fertilizer is matched according to the principle of what is lacking in tea trees.

2) Fertilizer concentration

Fertilizer concentration is related to fertilizer varieties and weather conditions. According to experiments, urea is 0.5%, calcium superphosphate 1%. potassium sulfate 0.5%, zinc sulfate 50~100 mg/L, iron molybdate 20~50 mg/L. If the concentration is too large, it is easy to produce fertilizer harm, otherwise it will not have any effect. Multiple things combine. It can be combined with pest control, sprinkler irrigation and plant growth regulators, saving labor and easy to realize mechanization. Chemical properties of fertilizers and pesticides. Acidic fertilizer should be matched with acidic pesticide, alkaline fertilizer should be matched with alkaline pesticide, so as not to produce chemical reaction and precipitate, so as to prevent mutual offset of fertilizer efficiency and efficacy. Biological pesticides are used to control diseases and pests. Biological pesticides are safe, reliable, pollution-free, low-cost and high-effective in controlling tea plant diseases and pests, such as Bt emulsion, green worm fungus, Beauveria bassiana, agricultural antibiotics and plant antibiotics.