How to cultivate Ligusticum chuanxiong with high yield

Ligusticum chuanxiong is a persistent root herb of Umbelliferae, and the tuber is used medicinally. It can activate blood circulation and regulate menstruation, smooth qi and relieve pain and disperse rheumatism. For the commonly used important traditional Chinese medicine, its demand is very large, and it is increasing year by year. Ligusticum chuanxiong has wide adaptability, mild and humid climate, sufficient sunshine, weak cold tolerance, slightly drought tolerance, and fear of shade and waterlogging. The soil should be deep, loose and fertile, good drainage, rich organic matter, neutral or slightly acidic, generally choose oil sandy soil or sandy soil cultivation is better. The high-yield cultivation techniques are introduced as follows:

Yuling in mountainous area

Ligusticum chuanxiong is the stem node propagation of the stem on the land. The stem node is called "Lingzi" and should be cultivated in the mountain area about 1200m above sea level (mainly to prevent degradation). Yuling land, wasteland and ripe land can be used, but not continuous cropping. In the first and middle of January, the tubers of Ligusticum chuanxiong were dug up, and the stems, leaves, soil and fibrous roots were removed and transported to the mountain area for planting. This kind of tuber is called Fuxiong.

Planting period: generally around the Beginning of Spring. Each 24cm was nestled according to the distance between rows and fossa, and deep 7cm. Large Rhizoma Ligustici can be cut into 2-4 pieces, 1 piece per litter, 1 piece per litter in medium, and 2 in each litter of Ligusticum cuspidatum. The mouth of the bud is up, plant it firmly, then compost it, and cover the soil to level it.

Field management of Fuxiong: seedling emergence before and after waking. At the end of March or the beginning of April, 8-10 stems with uniform thickness and good growth were left in each litter, and the rest were cut off from the stem base. After thinning seedlings, Grain Rain ploughed and weeded before and after topdressing. The middle tillage should be shallow, and topdressing should be mixed with human and animal manure and cruller powder.

Lingzi harvest: in mid-late July, harvest Ling stalk in cloudy or sunny morning, dig up the whole plant, and remove the plants that are damaged by insect pests and rotten tubers. Remove the tubers, leaves and stem tips of the well-growing plants, tie them into handles, choose a shady place, spread a layer of thatch on the ground, staggered the stems on top, and then cover them with thatch. The Beginning of Autumn took out, cut and grew about 4.5cm, and there is a short section of the plate, that is, "Lingzi". According to the stem size and position, Lingzi can be divided into Dadangdang, Dashan, Zhengshan, Xishan, Xianzi, Ruanjianzi and Tulingzi. Zhengshan system and Dashan system are better. After grading, it is transported to the mountain area for planting. All kinds of Ling should be planted separately, so as to emerge and grow neatly.

Select plots, planting time and seeds

The tuber of Ligusticum chuanxiong grows fast, and it is best to cultivate Ligusticum chuanxiong with deep soil layer, loose and fertile texture, no autumn water, good ventilation and permeability of oil sand loam or half sand and half mud.

The beginning of August is the suitable time for planting every year, and it can't be more than late August at the latest. Before planting, we should choose the Lingzi of Zhengshan system and Dashan system with sturdy growth and individual integrity. Choose a sunny day when planting.

Reasonable topdressing with sufficient base fertilizer

Ligusticum chuanxiong is a kind of fertilizer-tolerant plant. Applying sufficient base fertilizer and reasonable topdressing is one of the important measures to increase yield. First of all, before turning over the land, 150kg per mu was used to compost and ferment with livestock manure 4000~5000kg, which was evenly scattered on the surface and turned into the soil as base fertilizer. Fertilizer should be applied after each intertillage, mixing human and animal manure with cruller or ammonium sulfate, applying less light fertilizer for the first time and applying more for the second or third times. After applying water and fertilizer for the third time, mix well with soil dung, plant ash, cruller, calcium superphosphate and so on. This fertilization should be in front of Frosts Descent, otherwise the fertilizer efficiency is not high. After turning green in mid-January of the second year, spring fertilizer should be applied with human and animal dung water at the end of February or the beginning of March.

Ploughing and weeding, clearing ditches and replenishing seedlings

About 20 days after planting, when the seedlings come out, remove the cover grass. Weeding should be done three times within 60 days after planting, once every 20 days. The first is about 6cm, the second is about 3cm, and the third is only slightly ploughing the soil to remove weeds. Combined with weeding, the fine soil from the ditch is cultivated on the ridge surface together. Replenish seedlings during the first and second ploughing.

In January of the following year, the stems and leaves have been yellowed, so we should first remove the stems and leaves, then plough and weed once, and cover the soil between the rows on the ridge to protect the tubers.

Pest control

Pest control: the main pest of Ligusticum chuanxiong is Spodoptera litura, whose larvae eat into the stem from the leaf sheath and bite the node plate. Can be used in the storage of Lingzi, with trichlorfon plus water 100x 150 times spray control, but also before planting, in addition to strict selection of Lingzi, with tobacco bone and Salix leaf 5~6kg, add water 50kg, boil together, dry cold soak Lingzi for 24 hours, or soak Lingzi with water for about 150x, soak Lingzi for 1 hour before planting.

Disease control: the main disease of Ligusticum chuanxiong is tuber rot, and the local medicine farmers are called "water wax gourd". When digging and harvesting stems, the diseased plants should be strictly removed and attention should be paid to planting in the field.

Interplanting

In order to increase economic income, wheat can be interplanted in Ligusticum chuanxiong field without additional management.

Harvesting and processing

Harvest method: Ligusticum chuanxiong harvested from Lesser Fullness of Grain to Grain in Beard in the second year after planting. Choose a sunny day, dig up the plant with a double-toothed rake, shake off the soil, pick off the stems and leaves, after a little sun in the field, put the tuber in the bamboo bump, hit the soil, and transport it back to dry.

Processing method: Ligusticum chuanxiong is usually dried by drying Kang, the firepower should not be too large, turn it 2 or 3 times a day. Take out the semi-dry tuber and hit it once with a bump. When continuing the Kang, put fresh tubers in the lower layer and semi-dry products in the upper layer. After the upper layer is fully dry, the upper and lower layers are bumped once again, the sediment and fibrous roots are removed, and the fully dry one is selected as the finished product. Put the undried on top and continue to dry, so turn it daily until it is completely dry. In addition, store in a dry place to prevent mildew and moth.