How to use old Armillaria mellea to cultivate Polyporus umbellatus

The aliases of Polyporus umbellatus are Polyporus umbellatus, Polyporus umbellatus antler (Japan), wild pig food, Zhu Shi Ling and so on. It is one of the commonly used Chinese herbal medicines, which mainly rely on mining and digging wild for medicinal purposes. Due to the gradual decrease of natural resources, the demand contradiction is becoming more and more acute. In particular, modern medicine has proved that Polyporus umbellatus polysaccharides B-(1-4) and B-(1-6) contained in the sclerotia of Polyporus umbellatus are non-specific cellular immune stimulants, which can significantly strengthen the function of phagocytes in the reticuloendothelial system and inhibit the growth of tumor cells. the tumor inhibition rate of mice can reach 99.5%. It is one of the medicinal fungi with good anticancer effect, which is widely valued by medical departments at home and abroad. In order to solve the situation of serious shortage of drug sources and insufficient supply, in addition to paying attention to protecting existing resources, vigorously carrying out resource survey work and expanding mining area, the research work on artificial cultivation and mycelium fermentation of Polyporus umbellatus is also very important.

(1) preparation of strains

① spore propagation: from July to August, Polyporus umbellata (seed flower) was dried and kneaded into powder, that is, the strain was formed. The harvested Polyporus umbellata must avoid sun exposure, rain, mildew, smoking and so on. Should be picked along with the seed, each hole under the seed powder 3 grams, and then covered with humus soil.

② asexual reproduction: choose the rugged and tuberous fresh Ling as the seed Ling, this kind of Ling has strong growth power, and sprouts more and faster. In order to save materials, bud eyes can also be used for cultivation and propagation. Armillaria mellea invades the green or white sprouts of sclerotia, and fluorescence can be seen at night. In order to prevent the seed buds from drying, they should be wrapped in a wet cloth. After the ground is ready, put a packet of soil balls with buds in each hole and bury them deeply with humus soil.

(2) cultivation methods

① cultivation: select slightly acidic, moist, aerated and permeable sandy soil, slope to the southwest or northwest, pit depth of 50 cm, length and width of 70 cm. Five bacterial sticks are planted in a litter, which are 60 cm long and 10 cm in diameter. It should be cultivated in advance and have Armillaria mellea fungal cords. During cultivation, the broken small Polyporus umbellatus should be placed one by one on the stick where there are more fungal cords, and a little effort should be made to closely combine the section of Polyporus umbellatus with Armillaria mellea cords and fungus materials, so as to establish a nutritional relationship between Polyporus umbellata and Armillaria mellea. Put 5-8 pieces of cocos on one fungus. The bottom of the pit should be loose, put the stick evenly, the distance between the sticks is 6-10 cm, fill the humus soil after putting the Ling seed, gently fill it, leave no space, moderate tightness, cover the soil 10-15 cm, and cover some dead branches and leaves above, slightly higher than the ground.

The cultivation time of ② is from late April to early June in spring and summer, and from late August to late October in autumn.

③ culture material and bed: there are many tree species used to cultivate Polyporus umbellatus, as long as they can grow Armillaria mellea. Commonly used are green oak, cork oak, small acorn, white birch, Korean pine and so on. The branches are about 10 cm in diameter, sawed into short knots 60 cm long and dried for 10-15 days, so that 20% of the moisture is lost, 30% of the moisture is lost, a fish scale is cut every 3-5 cm, four rows are roughly chopped, and three rows are finely cut. Using pit culture, using decaying roots and branches with Armillaria mellea and old sticks and branches used in planting Gastrodia elata as bacteria. The pit is 50 cm deep, 70 cm long and 70 cm wide, with 3 new rods and 2 old rods in the lower layer, and 5 new rods in the upper layer with soil cover of 10-15 cm. Two nests of Polyporus umbellatus were planted in one nest of bacteria bed. During cultivation, dig up the fungus bed, take out the upper 5 fungus and plant a nest nearby, and the lower 5 fungus plant a nest in the same place.

④ post-planting management: Polyporus umbellatus cultivation does not need fertilization, no weeding, keep wild. After planting, cover some dead branches and leaves to keep the soil moist. It is necessary to prevent human and animal trampling and rodent damage. Do not look at it often so as not to destroy its nutritional relationship with Armillaria mellea and fungus.

⑤ harvesting time: it can be planted while digging in April or May in spring and September or October in autumn. It is best to dig the wild in late summer and early autumn when the fruiting body is open. Polyporus umbellatus is a perennial fungus, the sclerotia is not rotten for many years, and it can be dug after 2 years. If its growth conditions are met, there are good fungus materials, the temperature is kept at 18-20 ℃, the soil water content is about 10%, and it is slightly acidic, and the yield can be increased by 19.8 times in 2 years.

⑥ harvest processing: after digging, remove the sediment and Armillaria mellea on the sclerotia, dry, sun-dry or dry. 1.8-2 kg fresh Polyporus umbellatus can get 1 kg commodity.