Artificial cultivation of Houttuynia cordata Thunb

Houttuynia cordata Thunb, also known as Pleurotus ostreatus root, houttuynia, smelly grass, fish scale grass, dog ear, etc., is a perennial herb of Pleurotus ostreatus family, cold in nature, hard in taste, antibacterial and antiviral, heat-clearing and detoxification, and has edible and medicinal value.

1. Growth habits and environmental requirements under natural conditions often wild in shady mountains, forest edge roadside, ditch depression edge of the grass. Sex likes warm and humid climate, grows well in shady and humid conditions, avoids drought, and adapts to a wide range of temperature. The underground stem overwinters and does not freeze to death at-10 ℃. The underground stem grows and can emerge when the temperature is 12 ℃. It requires 16 ℃ in the early growth stage and 20 ℃ in the mature period. Houttuynia cordata Thunb likes to be waterlogged and requires soil moisture, and the field soil water capacity is 75% to 80%. The soil is slightly sour, pH 6-7, and the requirements for the soil are not strict. The fertile sandy loam and humus loam are the best, but the clayey soil can also grow. Fertilization is mainly nitrogen fertilizer, proper application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, under the condition of sufficient organic matter, the underground stem grows sturdily.

two。 Select land for the land with loose and fertile soil and convenient drainage and irrigation, such as rice fields, ploughing and drying fields in winter, applying 2000-4000 kg of rotten organic fertilizer per 667 square meters, 25 kg compound fertilizer, ploughing and leveling, 1.3-1.5 meters wide and 30 centimeters high, and the length is determined according to the topography, and the furrow spacing is 30-40 centimeters apart.

3. Planting Houttuynia cordata Thunb can be propagated by seeds, but it can be propagated by dividing roots. It can be planted in spring and autumn, but it is better in spring. Planting method can use hole or strip seed, apply organic fertilizer into the hole or ditch, cover fine soil 2cm, choose disease-free, sturdy underground stem cut into 4cm short segment, each section has 2cm 3 nodes, flat in the planting hole or ditch, plant spacing 5cm 8cm, and then cover soil thickness about 5cm 6cm, if the soil is dry, you can spray fixed root water to keep the soil moist.

4. Nitrogen and potassium are the main fertilizers for Houttuynia cordata Thunb, and the amount of phosphorus is less, but it can not be lacking. When the unearthed seedlings are about 3 cm high, they can be fertilized for the first time, and a mature human feces and urine mixed with water and urea with 2% manure can be used. In the middle and later stages of production, the need for fertilizer is also relatively increased. On the basis of ensuring nitrogen fertilizer, combined application of phosphorus and potash fertilizer, especially potash fertilizer, is particularly important for the formation of roots.

5. Field management of Houttuynia cordata Thunb production should be combined with fertilization to carry out intermediate ploughing and weeding, strengthen field management in the middle and later stages, keep the soil moist throughout the growing period, timely watering during drought, and eliminate stagnant water in time in the rainy season. weeding before closing, loosening the soil, promoting the combination of control and control, when the aboveground disciples are long, they should pick tender stems and leaves in time; aboveground stems and leaves turn yellow, stems and leaves are small, appropriate topdressing to promote growth. If the plant is not reserved, the buds should be removed in time so as not to consume a lot of nutrients in flowering.

6. Control of diseases and insect pests Houttuynia cordata stems and leaves are fishy smell, few insect pests, and diseases include white silk disease, leaf spot and so on. Control methods: ① chooses reasonable crop rotation, flood and drought rotation is better; ② chooses loose and fertile soil with convenient drainage and irrigation; ③ strictly selects seeds and removes diseased stems. ④ should strengthen field management, pay attention to drainage in rainy season and irrigation in drought; mancozeb, chlorothalonil and topiramate were selected to spray or irrigate roots in the early stage of ⑤.

7. Herba Houttuyniae can be harvested and eaten every year, tender stems and leaves are picked in spring and summer, and underground stems are excavated in autumn and winter. The cultivated Houttuynia cordata Thunb can harvest tender stems and leaves for 2 or 3 times. One week after each harvest, it can be diluted human feces and urine or biogas slurry plus an appropriate amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer. A part of the underground stem is left or decapitated when the underground stem is harvested, and when the temperature rises in the next year, it will germinate and emerge, and the management of pulling grass, loosening the soil, seedling, topdressing and so on will be carried out in time, so that it can be produced continuously for many years.