Management of planting Fangfeng in Seedling stage

The main direction of Fangfeng seedling management is to promote the early development of strong seedlings on the basis of ensuring the whole seedling.

The main results are as follows: (1) controlling the temperature in the arch shed: the seedlings are raised in the arch shed with plastic film, and the stage from sowing to seedling emergence is a closed period. It is necessary to check frequently and control the temperature in the shed. Generally, the suitable temperature is 20 ℃-25 ℃. If the weather is too hot and the temperature in the shed is too high, it is necessary to cover the shade of sugarcane to cool down. When the border seedling is green, the temperature in the shed can be adjusted by uncovering the film and releasing the air. With the growth of the seedlings, the vents were gradually enlarged and the seedlings were refined until the plastic film was removed. If weeds occur in the border, they should be pulled out in time.

(2) drought resistance and soil moisture conservation: seedling cultivation in open field and direct seeding field are prone to lack of seedlings and broken ridges before and after seedling emergence due to climate influence and poor management. therefore, seedling protection measures should be taken. If the seed has not yet taken root, and the covered soil layer is in danger of drying to the seed layer, it should be suppressed in time, and measures such as pressing, trampling, rolling and cutting should be taken to increase topsoil moisture and ensure sufficient soil moisture in the sowing layer to meet its germination needs. If the paddy land is in case of drought, the method of watering or flooding with small water can be taken to keep the soil moist and promote seed germination and emergence. In case of rain shooting, the soil should be ploughed and loosened in time after rain, so as to break the plank layer, help the seedlings to be unearthed, and prevent the soil from "drying" and seeds "sprouting" due to moisture loss through ventilation. After emergence, should be checked line by line, if it is found that there is a lack of seedlings broken ridges, it is necessary to seize the time to promote budding and replanting, or combined with inter-seedlings for seedling transfer and replanting, and strive to achieve complete and uniform seedlings.

(3) Interseedling and fixed seedling: in the production practice, it is found that early seedling and fixed seedling can avoid seedling crowding, reduce fertilizer and water consumption, maintain a certain nutritional area per plant, and promote the early development of strong seedlings. If the seedlings are set too late, the seedlings compete with each other for fertilizer, water and light, resulting in weak, high-footed and late seedlings. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out inter-seedling and fixed seedling in time. Generally 15-20 days after emergence, when the height of the seedling is about 5 cm, the seedlings should be separated by 7 cm to prevent overcrowding and weak growth of the seedlings. Be careful not to hurt the neighboring seedlings and leave 2-3 seedlings with strong growth. When the seedlings of Fangfeng grow to about a month, the height of the seedlings is more than 10 cm, and the seedling spacing is 2-3 cm in the nursery field and 13-16 cm in the production field.

(4) Intermediate ploughing and weeding: many weeds often grow on the border surface of Fangfeng direct seeding field and open field, which affects the growth of seedlings. Early ploughing can loosen soil, reduce water evaporation, increase soil temperature, eliminate weeds, prevent barren and bully seedlings, and create a good environment for seedling root growth. It is generally required to carry out 2-3 times of intermediate ploughing and weeding before June, and when the seedlings are currently in force, a shallow hoe will help the seedlings to be unearthed. After the whole seedling, can generally deep hoe once, promote the root system deep, after fixing the seedling, then deep hoe again. If it rains or is watered, ploughing should be broken in time to achieve the goal of hoeing after rain and grass, so as to facilitate the early development of seedlings and achieve the goal of strong seedlings.

(5) Prevention and control of pests: pests such as mole cricket, grub, ground tiger, golden needle worm, weevil and so on occur one after another at seedling stage. Disease and pest prediction should be done well and timely prevention and control should be carried out to ensure that the seedlings are whole, strong and early. Prevention and control methods: first, agricultural measures such as deep ploughing and soil improvement, crop rotation, rational irrigation and not applying immature organic fertilizer; second, artificial trapping with black light; third, chemical control methods such as chemical treatment of soil, seed dressing, poison bait and so on.

(6) transplanting and colonization: transplant the seedlings that have been bred before germination in early spring. In the whole transplanting field, the horizontal trench is planted according to the row spacing of 30 cm, the ditch depth is 10-15 cm, and the plant spacing is 13-16 cm. If the soil consolidation is dry, water transplanting should be carried out, or hole planting can also be carried out. The distance between holes is 10-20 cm, 2 plants are planted in each hole, and the transplanting hole should be slightly larger. When planting, it should be planted correctly and stably, so that the root system can be stretched. After planting, the soil is compacted, and where there are conditions, it is best to irrigate the fixed root and slow seedling water for once to improve the survival rate of planting.