Field management measures of Salvia miltiorrhiza

Speaking of Salvia miltiorrhiza, I think we are very familiar with it. Salvia miltiorrhiza is a relatively common and commonly used traditional Chinese medicine. Many people should know the efficacy of Salvia miltiorrhiza. It is precisely because the market demand of Salvia miltiorrhiza is relatively large, so the planting scope of Salvia miltiorrhiza has gradually increased.

Field management measures of Salvia miltiorrhiza

1. Weeding in mid-ploughing: generally, weeding is done three times in mid-ploughing, once when the seedlings are about 10 cm high in April, once before and after flowering in early June, and once in late August.

2. Topdressing: topdressing three times during the growing period, which can be combined with mid-tillage, weeding and irrigation. For the first time, when Salvia miltiorrhiza turned green, 5 kg of urea was applied in every 667 m 2 furrow; the second time, after cutting the first inflorescence, 50 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer was applied every 667 m; the third time from August to September, 0.65 kg of trace fertilizers such as manganese, boron, zinc and iron were sprayed on the leaf.

3. Irrigation and drainage: from May to July is the peak growth period of Salvia miltiorrhiza, which requires a large amount of water. in case of drought, infiltration irrigation or sprinkler irrigation should be discharged from the border and ditch in time, and flood irrigation should be prohibited; in case of continuous rainy weather, when stagnant water occurs in the soil, it should be drained in time.

4. Picking buds and controlling seedlings: when buds appear on the main axis and lateral branches of Salvia miltiorrhiza, the buds should be cut off in time to promote the development of roots.

5. Pest control: the main diseases of Salvia miltiorrhiza are root rot, leaf spot, root knot nematode and so on. In order to control the disease of Salvia miltiorrhiza, rotation should be carried out. Salvia miltiorrhiza can not be planted for more than 2 cycles in the same plot, and it is best to rotate with Gramineae crops. During the onset period, root rot and leaf spot disease were irrigated with 1000 times of carbendazim or 70% methyl thiophanate, 250ml per plant, once every 10 days for 2 times in a row; or 70% carbendazim or 75% carbendazim was sprayed once every 10 days for 2 times in a row, paying attention to the base of the stem. The main pests of Salvia miltiorrhiza are grubs and golden needle worms. when occurring in large quantities, 50% phoxim emulsion 1000-1500 times or 90% trichlorfon 1000 times solution is used to irrigate roots, 50 ml per plant.

Propagation methods of Salvia miltiorrhiza

1. Split-root propagation: split-root propagation is mostly used in Sichuan producing areas. Salvia miltiorrhiza used for planting is generally left in the ground and planted with digging. The annual lateral roots, which are about 0.3 cm in diameter, stout and red in color and free from diseases and insect pests, are selected to be planted from February to March. It can also be planted at the time of harvest in November. According to row spacing of 30-45 cm, plant spacing of 25-30 cm, hole depth of 3-4 cm, pig manure and urine, 1500-2000 kg per mu. When planting, fold the selected root strips into 4-6 cm long root segments, fold while planting, root strips upward, 1-2 segments per hole. Immediately after planting, the soil is covered with a thickness of about 1.5 cm. According to the production practice, using the head and tail of the root to plant seedlings early and late in the middle, therefore, it is necessary to plant separately to facilitate field management. The Lignified mother root is not suitable for seed planting because of its poor germination ability and low yield. Separate root planting should pay attention to anti-freezing, can cover straw to keep warm.

2. Cutting propagation: cutting propagation is mostly used in North China, Jiangsu and Zhejiang. In general, the aboveground stems of Salvia miltiorrhiza were taken from June to July in North China and from April to May in Jiang and Zhejiang, and cut into small segments of 10-15 cm. The lower leaves were cut off and the upper leaves were cut off. On the finished border, open a shallow trench according to the row spacing of 20 cm and the plant spacing of 10 cm, then insert the cuttings obliquely along the trenches, and bury the cuttings in 6 cm of soil. Watering and shading should be carried out after cutting. When the regenerated root grows to about 3 cm, it can be transplanted in the field. Others will split off the root of the plant directly planted, pay attention to watering, can also survive.

3. Seed planting

① seedling transplant: in Beijing area, strip sowing was carried out in March, covering soil 0.3cm, watering after sowing, covering with plastic film, keeping the soil moist, and emergence in about 15 days. In Jiangsu and Zhejiang, when the seeds matured in June, they were sown immediately after harvest, covered with seeds, sown and moisturized after sowing, and transplanted to the field in October.

② seed direct seeding: sowing, strip sowing or burrow sowing in mid-April in North China. The same root separation method was used to sow 5-10 seeds in each hole. The depth of the sowing ditch is about 1 cm, the soil cover is 0.6-1 cm, and the sowing amount per mu is about 0.5 kg. In case of drought. Water thoroughly before sowing. The seedlings emerged half a month after sowing. The seedlings were fixed when the height of the seedlings was 6 cm.

Field Management of Salvia miltiorrhiza

1. Weeding in the middle ploughing: the roots of the breeding ground are divided, and the seedlings emerge slowly because of the thicker soil cover. Generally speaking, when the seedlings begin to be unearthed in April, it is necessary to check the seedlings and find that the soil is thicker or thicker. When the seedlings are affected, the compound soil of the holes should be removed in time to promote their emergence. During the growth period, there were 3 times of weeding, the first in May, the second in June and the third in August when the seedling height was 10-12 cm.

2. Fertilization: during the growth period, combined with mid-tillage and weeding, topdressing for 2-3 times, 1000-2000 kg of rotten manure per mu, 10-15 kg of superphosphate, or 25-50 kg of cake fertilizer.

3. Drainage and irrigation: pay attention to drainage in two seasons to prevent waterlogging. If the soil is dry in the seedling stage and seedling stage, irrigate or water in time.

4. Picking buds: except for the plants left as seeds, the buds must be removed step by step to facilitate root growth.

Efficacy and function of Salvia miltiorrhiza

The taste is bitter and slightly cold.

The heart and liver meridians.

[efficacy] promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, menstruation and relieving pain, clearing heart to remove annoyance, cooling blood and eliminating carbuncle, for chest arthralgia and heartache, epigastric pain, pain accumulation, heat arthralgia, restlessness, irregular menstruation, dysmenorrhea, sore swelling and pain, etc.

1. Promoting blood circulation: salvia miltiorrhiza can dilate coronary artery, increase coronary flow, improve myocardial ischemic infarction and cardiac function, regulate heart rhythm, dilate peripheral blood vessels, improve microcirculation, shorten the recovery period of red blood cells and hemoglobin, increase reticular cells, promote tissue repair and accelerate fracture healing.

2. prevention of thrombosis: Salvia miltiorrhiza has the effects of anticoagulant, promoting fibrinolysis, inhibiting platelet aggregation and inhibiting thrombosis.

3. Liver protection: salvia miltiorrhiza can inhibit or reduce hepatocyte degeneration, necrosis and inflammation, promote hepatocyte regeneration, and has the effect of anti-fibrosis. In addition, it has inhibitory effect on many kinds of bacteria, such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

4. Anti-tumor: Salvia miltiorrhiza can inhibit the central nervous system and have anti-tumor effect.

5. Reducing blood lipid: salvia miltiorrhiza can significantly reduce the formation area of aortic atherosclerotic plaque, decrease serum total cholesterol and triglyceride to a certain extent, and inhibit the increase of blood lipid in rabbits with high-fat diet. Danshensu can also inhibit the synthesis of endogenous cholesterol.

Traditional Chinese medicine has been in China for thousands of years of culture and history, the reason why traditional Chinese medicine has not been replaced by others for thousands of years, naturally has its unique role. People who have used traditional Chinese medicine should be well aware that if traditional Chinese medicine is used to treat diseases, it has little side effects and can be cured from the root causes of the disease.