Key techniques for high-yield planting of licorice

1. Soil selection: sandy soil and sandy loam with deep soil layer, good drainage, high topography, high calcium content, barren beach and barren slope with soil micro-alkali and PH value between 7Mel and 8.5 can be cultivated. Plots with low-lying terrain and heavy soil should not be planted.

2. Variety selection: select a new variety of "lying licorice" which is suitable for artificial cultivation. This variety has the following characteristics of strong ① adaptability: drought resistance, cold resistance, saline-alkali resistance, heat resistance, barren resistance, temperature adaptation range of-45w / 43 degrees. No shrinkage and death were found in serious water shortage or drought areas, so it can adapt to weak alkaline calcareous soil and is suitable for interplanting with young trees and fruits. ② growth cycle is short: transplant seedlings for 4 months, grow seedlings for 4 months, grow for 1-2 years after planting, ③ grows fast: because of its species lying down, combined with artificial cultivation techniques, growing horizontally on the surface of 30 cm, high absorption rate of light, water and fertilizer and other natural conditions, so the growth rate is fast; 30 days after sowing, there are 4 true leaves, 60 days plant height 30 cm, root length up to 20 cm, diameter 0.5cm. ④ harvesting and processing is simple: the whole process can take warning operation, less labor, natural dry operation 80% can be sold. ⑤ has high yield and good quality: more than 500kg of hairy grass in mu (667m2), and 800kg in high yield, with red leather, few bifurcations and uniform strips, which meet the national pharmacopoeia standards and meet the germplasm requirements for the construction of GAP production base. (for details, please refer to the introduction of licorice and safflower varieties in Shandong Science and Technology Information News, No. 1444, No. 4, 2004, and page 31, No. 20, Rural know-how, 2004).

3. Sowing and raising seedlings: the seedling land should be selected in the place with flat terrain and water source. Seedling one cent of land (67 square meters) can be planted one mu of land (667 square meters), with one kilogram. When the temperature is stable above 18 degrees, seedlings can be raised throughout the year. After fertilizing and ploughing the selected land, open a shallow trench with a depth of 2 cm according to the row spacing of 25 cm, sow the seeds evenly in the ditch, cover the soil by 1 cm, and suppress slightly, and 5 Mel seedlings will emerge in 7 days. The seedlings grew for 4 months, and the root length reached 35 Murray 40 cm, which reached the transplanting standard.

4. Cultivation techniques: on the selected land, 2000 kg of organic fertilizer, 50 kg of calcium superphosphate, 20 kg of available nitrogen fertilizer and 10 kg of potash fertilizer are applied per mu. After ploughing and raking evenly, open a trench with a depth of 6 cm according to the row spacing of 25 Murray 30 cm, cut off the stems and branches above the Reed head of licorice seedlings, remove the lateral roots, put the roots of licorice seedlings in turn in the ditch according to the spacing of 10 cm, fill compaction and water, plant about 20,000 seedlings per mu, and grow seedlings in 10 days, conventional management, the growth of one year can be planed and harvested, or two years of growth can be harvested.

5. Harvest and processing: in late autumn or early spring, cut off the dry stems and branches on the ground and plough with a tractor with a ploughshare. The depth of the plough is about 30 cm, ploughing one row at a time, and then manually clearing the ploughed licorice root with a four-toothed rake. Plough the second row. A tractor equipped with 6 workers can generally harvest about 8 mu a day, and its root damage rate is much less than that of manual harvesting, which meets the requirements of harvest. After the recovered licorice root is dried for a few days, the Reed head is cut off and the lateral root is bundled and sold.

6. yield and benefit: the yield of licorice per mu in one year is 400,600kg, and the yield per mu in two years can reach more than 1000 kilograms. at present, the market price of licorice is 10-12 yuan / kg, and the income per mu is 4000-7000 yuan. Mu investment: 180 yuan for seeds, 150 yuan for fertilizers, 10 yuan for pesticides, 60 yuan for cultivated land (twice), 60 yuan for labor, a total investment of 450 yuan per mu. The net profit per mu is 3500 won 6000 yuan. If intercropping and interplanting are adopted, the comprehensive economic benefit is higher.