Key points of Management techniques of Apple Orchard in Spring

First, clear the garden

Combined with winter pruning, sawing off rotten and dead branches, cutting off aphid branches, and thoroughly cleaning the orchard, cleaning up fallen leaves, fallen fruit, residual branches and rotten skin, digging holes, burying or burning, reducing the number of diseases and pests. And spray the garden when bud dew green in late March, the first agent is Baume 5 degree stone sulfur mixture, followed by 45% Schenanin 200-300 times liquid or other agents.

II. Control of major diseases and insect pests

1. Rot disease

Scrape off recurrent and new scars, scrape the diseased tissue thoroughly in the process of curettage, smooth the edge of the lesion, leave no stubble, and go as deep as possible, reach the xylem, smear the spot with medicine after scraping, and apply it again every 10 days, then apply 1-2 cm thick mud and wrap it with plastic sheeting. The commonly used agents are methylthionaphthalene acetic acid healing agent, 843 rehabilitation agent, Wubiqing and so on.

2. Hawthorn red spider

One is to clear the garden. That is, when the bud dew is green in late March, the preferred agent is Baume 5-degree stone sulfur mixture. The other is spraying hexazolol + avermectin + chlorpyrifos + organosilicon before flowering (inflorescence separation period, early April) (both for powdery mildew and scale insects). Third, 10 days after anthesis, spray mite Dead Jing + methyclovir + imidacloprid + Xinling (also treat aphids, leaf roll moth, early deciduous disease and other diseases and insect pests). Fourth, in mid-late May, avermectin + Prozendol + imidacloprid + calcium glycol was sprayed (both for early deciduous disease, aphids and other diseases and insect pests).

III. Flower and fruit management

1. Thinning flowers and fruits

Flower thinning and fruit thinning should be done sooner rather than later. The method of thinning inflorescence and ordering single fruit according to distance should be adopted, leaving about one inflorescence per 20cm. Flower thinning begins after inflorescence separation, fruit thinning begins two weeks after flowering, and one fruit is left on each fruit table.

2. Spraying fertilizer at flowering stage

In full bloom, trees were sprayed with 0.3 per cent borax + 1 per cent sugar + 0.3 per cent urea to increase the fruit setting rate.

4. Topdressing and watering

In the full fruit period, the apple orchard applied 15 kg pure nitrogen, 2-5 kg P2O5 and 15 kg K208 per mu in late March, and watered immediately after fertilization.

5. New orchards

Try to choose large seedlings of three-year-old dwarfing interstocks for planting trees in the newly-built orchard, with a plant spacing of 1.5m and a row spacing of 4m. Varieties can choose Liangxiang, Jinshi, Huayu, Asustek, Hongqian Fuji and other Fuji and Gala excellent lines.