The Technology of "increasing Sugar and reducing Acid" in growing Citrus

Implementing the technology of "increasing sugar and reducing acid" of citrus is an important measure to create a high-grade brand of citrus. The popularization and application of the technology of "increasing sugar and reducing acid" can effectively improve the quality of citrus, increase industrial efficiency and increase farmers' income.

I. main technical measures

1. Carry out the optimization and transformation of orange orchards. The techniques of tree thinning, big branch thinning and fruit thinning were comprehensively implemented, and for closed closed orange orchards, tree thinning measures were taken to achieve one step or reduce the crown of thinning trees year by year, so that the number of permanent trees per mu could be controlled at about 40. The upright and closed branches of the permanent tree should also be removed to form a happy crown.

two。 Carry out soil improvement in orange orchards. The orange orchard was turned over to improve the soil year by year, and the manure, manure, orange pole and other soil fertilizers were applied deeply before and after the end of June every year. The orange orchard is ploughed after applying 100kg lime per mu in spring, covered with grass in summer and autumn combined with drought-resistant garden, and cultivated with soil such as fertilizer mud and pond mud in winter. Various forms of soil improvement are adopted to change the poor soil quality and high acidity of low hilly red soil.

3. Promote scientific fertilization technology. At present, citrus fertilization is mainly chemical fertilizer, especially in the middle and later stage, which will increase the acid content of the fruit. It should be advocated to carry out three times of fertilization all the year round, that is, applying nitrogen fertilizer plus organic compound fertilizer or bone meal fish fertilizer with high organic matter content in spring, and phosphorus and calcium fertilizer plus cake fertilizer in summer (after citrus fruit setting). Three-yuan compound fertilizer was applied in winter (after fruit picking). At the same time, we should pay attention to foliar fertilizer spraying to promote the increase of sugar and acid of citrus fruits, enhance the tree potential and improve the stress resistance of citrus fruits.

4. Strengthen the water management of orange orchard. It can be drained in time of waterlogging, resisted in time of drought, moisturized in spring, irrigation and drainage in summer, irrigation and prevention in autumn and winter. Citrus harvest one month before the long-term drought should be timely irrigated to fight drought, rainy climate should be timely water control.

5. Popularize the timely fruit picking technology. With oranges in our city? Orange-based, orange farmers are used to picking early, harvest in the first and middle of November all the year round. At this time, the appearance and color of the picked fruit was poor, and the endoplasmic sugar was not fully transformed, which had an obvious effect on the appearance and endoplasm of the fruit. ? In order to achieve endoplasmic optimization, mandarin fruit should be harvested around November 20, making full use of the climatic characteristics of large temperature difference between day and night in the middle of November to promote the natural color change of fruit appearance and endoplasmic sugar transformation. When picking, it is necessary to select yellow and stay green and harvest in batches, which can obviously improve the quality of fruit.

6. Change the variety and change the species. Introduce fast acid reduction and high quality? Good varieties of mandarin, high grafting and replacement of inferior varieties.

II. Main technical indicators

The technical targets for the popularization of the technology of "increasing sugar and reducing acid" are as follows:

1. After the transformation, the number of planted trees per mu of orange orchard is about 40, and the crown is naturally happy, compact, full inner chamber, ventilated and transparent.

two。 Through the application of techniques such as deep ploughing and soil improvement, increasing the application of organic fertilizer, and spreading lime, the soil acidity is effectively reduced and the soil organic content is increased to 1.5% Mel 2%.

3. Fruit thinning is carried out twice in the park throughout the year, the yield per mu is stable at 2500 kg, and the rate of high-quality fruit is more than 80%.

4. After the popularization of the technology of "reducing acid and increasing sugar", the appearance quality of citrus fruit reached natural coloring, good gloss, more than 12% of endoplasmic soluble solids, and acidity decreased to less than 1%.