Regulation of yield period of planting mango

Mangoes usually blossom from December to January and mature from May to July, when they happen to meet the peak period of other abundant fruits, so that prices fall sharply, and fruit growers often lose all their money as a result. On the contrary, in the off-season, prices rise because of a small quantity, but consumers spend more, and when there is no goods to sell, the income of fruit farmers is also very limited. Therefore, if the horticultural tillage technology can be used to adjust the mango production period, increase the off-season production as much as possible, and reduce the supply in the peak season (June to August), the price of mango can become more reasonable and stable, and benefit both producers and consumers. At the same time, proper regulation of the delivery period can directly reduce the storage cost, and there are fresh and high-quality fruits for consumers to enjoy.

1. Premature delivery

Mango has the habit of blooming from time to time, which usually blooms on the mature branches of the old plant, and the period varies from August to November. Therefore, how to promote the rapid transformation of new shoots from vegetative growth to reproductive growth is a prerequisite for promoting flower bud differentiation. The methods and steps of premature delivery are as follows:

1. In the coming plant, please choose plants that are more than 15 years old, and those with strong tree strength are preferred. In the same year, the fruit on the plant must be harvested in advance. When there is no fruit hanging on the tree, it can promote vegetative growth and quickly grow new shoots and branches. When the fruits of the same year are harvested early in April, compound fertilizer No. 5, about 10 to 15 kilograms per plant, should be applied at this time, depending on the development of the tree.

2. when the new shoots turn green and quickly mature, the plants are sprayed with high phosphorus and potassium liquid fertilizer every 10 days, three times in a row, in order to promote the rapid transformation of new shoots into reproductive growth, and pesticides can be mixed at this time to prevent new shoots from being harmed by floating dust and anthracnose.

3. In June, the trunk of the tree planted in Lailai was treated with circular burns, that is, at the trunk about 50 cm above the ground, it was carved into a circle with a saw ring, and the mouth of the ring should be joined, deep to the phloem without harming the xylem, but do not carry out circular peeling treatment, which will lead to difficult healing, rapid weakening and difficult recovery in the future. On the other hand, Aiwen varieties are not allowed to undergo ring carving and ring peeling treatment. After years of observation, about 30% of the plants will weaken or die as a result.

In April and July, 2500 times of Ethrel auxin was mixed with high phosphorus and potassium liquid fertilizer 100 times, once every 10 days, for a total of three times, but it must be treated at dusk or cloudy days, so as not to affect the efficacy of auxin decomposed by sunlight. If the above treatment is effective, it will blossom early from October to early November, but the ratio is not very high, about 20%.

5. After flowering in October, because it is late autumn and the temperature is about 25-28 ℃, it is the peak season for pollination insects, so it should be well protected to promote pollination and help normal fruit. However, late autumn is the dry season in the south, drip irrigation or diversion irrigation should be used to promote pollination, help normal fruit, prevent boron deficiency and promote the hypertrophy of young fruits.

6. When young fruit is produced in November, nitrogen fertilizer should be applied to promote the rapid growth of young fruit. Due to the time of winter, the development of fruit is very slow, so it is appropriate to thinning fruit as soon as possible, because the fruit thinning period is short and the work is slow and laborious. The best place to keep the fruit is in the middle of the ear, leaving only 1 or 2 fruits per ear, otherwise, the fruit will not grow big, and the small fruit can be used as a "lover's fruit".

7. During the period of fruit hypertrophy in February, it is the strongest season of the northeast monsoon. The fruit is easy to be infected with black spot because of external injury and rain. It should be prevented as soon as possible, because it cannot be treated after infection and will lose its commercial value.

8. After the treatment of early yield of Ai Wen mango, it is easy to cause irregular fruit cracking from infancy to hypertrophy, so attention should be paid to the control of soil moisture. At the same time, anthrax and black spot should be prevented. During the period of fruit hypertrophy, the color of the fruit can not be shown because of low temperature and less sunshine. At this time, branches should be trimmed, ventilation should be maintained, sunshine is sufficient, and foliar fertilizer of phosphorus and potassium liquid fertilizer should be used to promote the production of color.

II. Postponement of delivery

For the varieties introduced from the United States, the flower ear will bloom for the second time after being damaged by cold. When the fruit is normal, this habit of secondary flowering is ignored because it has nothing to do with yield. However, in the normal flowering period, if the spike is harmed by cold current and torrential rain, the technique of removing the spike can be applied to delay the flowering period and avoid the cold current, which can effectively stabilize production or increase production and prolong the yield period. Methods and steps to postpone delivery:

1. Flower picking period: Aiwen varieties should pick flowers in "the Beginning of Spring", Kate and Sacred Heart varieties should pick flowers in "Rain Water" (February 19), so as to increase the rate of re-blooming.

2. After the fruit was harvested last year, 20% more fertilizer should be applied to supply the fertilizer needed for one more flower. At the same time, strong plants need to be selected for flower picking treatment, which can increase the re-flowering rate.

3. After picking flowers, some branches will have new shoots and spikes growing together, so it is appropriate to remove the new shoots immediately to prevent nutrient competition. Drip irrigation should be carried out immediately after the regenerated flowers grow to promote pollination and fruit hypertrophy.

4. After picking flowers, 500 times calcium chloride and 400 times mixed boric acid should be sprayed before reflowering and young fruit stage to prevent boron deficiency. After spraying, the pollen germination rate can be increased and the fruit drop rate can be reduced.

5. With the application of flower picking technology, to postpone the production period of American species, mango should be selected in the bad environment of cold current, torrential rain and frost damage during flowering period, so as to improve its fruit rate. If there is a warm winter with favorable weather, do not pick flowers.

6. there is no habit of blooming for the second time in planting mango, so you can't pick flowers.

7. If you pick flowers for three years in a row, the growth of the plant will be obviously weak. You should stop picking flowers for one year, strengthen nutrition management, and do it again the next year.

8. Other cultivation and management methods are the same as the general promotion methods.

Applicable area: subtropical zone