Soil, fertilizer and water management in jujube orchard where jujube trees are planted

After jujube trees enter the full fruit period, doing a good job in soil, fertilizer and water management and maintaining good tree potential are the prerequisites for high yield and high quality. the soil fertilizer pipes of jujube trees in full fruit period can be summarized as "two ploughing, four fertilizers and three water".

Two ploughing refers to deep ploughing and middle ploughing. Deep ploughing can loosen the soil of jujube orchard, deepen the distribution layer of jujube roots and expand the range of nutrients absorbed by roots. Deep turning can be carried out in spring and autumn. Mid-tillage is multiple shallow ploughing in the growing season, which is beneficial to reduce water evaporation, improve soil aeration conditions, promote jujube tree to absorb nutrients and prevent salinization.

Four fertilizers refer to base fertilizer, sprout fertilizer, flowering fertilizer and fruit fertilizer. (1) applying base fertilizer in autumn. It is best to apply base fertilizer before harvest, which is beneficial to accumulate a large amount of storage nutrition and lay the foundation for high yield in the following year. The base fertilizer should be mainly organic fertilizer, and some available fertilizers can be applied properly. (2) topdressing before budding. It usually takes place in the first ten days of April of the following year. More attention should be paid to the application of sprout fertilizer in jujube orchards without base fertilizer in autumn. Sprouting fertilizer is very beneficial to bud germination, flower bud differentiation and young fruit development. (3) topdressing at flowering stage. Jujube flower bud differentiation has the characteristics of differentiation in the same year, multiple differentiation, differentiation with growth, short differentiation time and large number of differentiation. Therefore, a large number of jujube flowers, long florescence, to consume a lot of nutrition, if nutrition can not keep up, it will inevitably lead to serious flower and fruit drop, florescence topdressing can reduce fruit drop. Topdressing at flowering stage can be applied either by soil or by foliar spraying. At the same time of spraying fertilizer at flowering stage, 30 × 10 ~ 6 gibberellin was added to increase the fruit setting rate. (4) help fruit fertilizer. It is usually topdressing around the middle of July, when the young fruit is growing vigorously. This topdressing is directly related to the yield and quality of jujube. The best fruit fertilizer is nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer, which can be applied in soil or foliar spray.

In the full fruit stage, the yield of jujube is the highest and the amount of fertilizer required is also the largest. In the full fruit period, each jujube tree must apply 100 kg organic fertilizer, 1 kg available nitrogen fertilizer, 2.5 kg calcium superphosphate and 2.5 kg plant ash.

Sanshui refers to the water supply that must be guaranteed three times a year corresponding to the three times of topdressing, that is, budding water, flowering water and young fruit water. Flowering water can prevent the phenomenon of scorched flowers caused by drought, reduce the drop of flowers and fruits, and generally irrigate before opening armour. In addition to the above three waters, some areas also have the habit of pouring frozen water to promote the development of trees.