Nitrogen should not be applied to grow peach trees with good quality and high yield.

Case study: consumers are increasingly demanding the quality of peaches. Some peaches are small and unpopular, and some peaches are not resistant to storage and rot after a few days. in order to meet the needs of the market and improve the quality of fresh peaches, fruit farmers try their best to increase the fertilization and irrigation of peach trees in order to obtain high yield and high quality of peach trees. in particular, large peaches and improve the storability of fresh peaches.

They mainly rely on increasing the number of topdressing in the fruiting period and increasing the application rate of nitrogen fertilizer, such as often sprinkling urea on the ground and then watering it. The peach garden of a peach farmer in Pinggu, Beijing, has produced a large amount of peach in recent years, and the economic benefit is also good. Last year, in the topdressing of peach orchards, the farmer increased the amount of urea to as much as 500 kg / mu. With such a large amount of nitrogen and water, he thought that he could get big peaches and good peaches. As a result, the yield did not increase much after fruit picking that year, and the proportion of big peaches did not increase.

Cao Yiping, an agricultural expert, believes that the nutrition of peach trees is characterized by that the demand and absorption of phosphorus and potassium are higher than those of apples and pears, so in the fertilization of peach trees, in addition to ensuring an adequate supply of nitrogen, more attention should be paid to the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. This case just ignores this point. It is not possible to pay attention to a large amount of topdressing nitrogen fertilizer in the peak growth period of peach trees, especially in the peak fruit period. In this case, the method of partial nitrogen application is not consistent with the nutrition law of peach trees, so the effect is not ideal. If the practice of partial nitrogen application continues, it will lead to aggravation of diseases and insect pests and worse storage resistance of fresh peaches in the future.

For this reason, the following three suggestions are put forward for fertilization of peach trees:

1. Apply base fertilizer in autumn. Pay attention to the application of organic fertilizer, combined with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, 1kg per plant, the application method should be radial furrow application, autumn application is better than spring application, both deep application and root recovery.

2. Grasp the secondary topdressing before and after anthesis. Topdressing at flowering stage is carried out during spring bud germination, and compound fertilizer based on nitrogen and potassium should be selected, 1.2kg per plant. Don't just chase urea. The method of topdressing is to open ditches and spread fertilizer and soil, and topdressing after anthesis is carried out during the fruit expansion period, and the amount of topdressing is slightly more this time. The ratio of nitrogen to potassium is higher than that of potassium, and the appropriate dosage is 1.2 kg per plant.

3. Extra-root topdressing. High-yielding peach trees are sensitive to trace elements, especially to iron deficiency in calcareous soils of North China. The new leaves of peach trees lose green when they are deficient in iron. If the phenomenon of vertical curl of peach leaves is found to be a manifestation of calcium deficiency in peach trees, it can be effective by spraying 0.5% Mel 0.8% calcium nitrate solution or 0.3% Mel 0.5% calcium chloride solution, and spraying 2 Mel fertilizer outside the root for 4 times in a row.