Characteristics of fertilizer requirement for planting peach trees

In addition to mastering the general principles of fertilization for peach trees, peach trees should pay more attention to the combination of fertilization and soil improvement because the roots of peach trees are shallow and the soil is required to have better ventilation. In addition, the peach orchard is generally not suitable for forage cultivation, the planting of green manure between rows should also choose the variety of creeping type, and cut many times in time, so as not to compete with peach trees for fertilizer. The distribution of peach trees is wide, and there are some differences in fertilizer requirements among early, middle and late maturing varieties. Early maturing varieties need less fertilizer than late maturing varieties. Generally, per 1000 kg of fruit (Baifeng peach) requires 4.8kg of nitrogen, 2.0kg of phosphorus, 7.6kg of potassium, and the proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is about 1.440. 1.6. But for the growth of peach trees, a greater proportion of potassium is needed.

According to the investigation, an 8-year-old Baifeng variety peach tree absorbed 14.28 kg of potassium, 8.94 kg of nitrogen and 3.67 kg of phosphorus in one annual cycle. Potassium deficiency often appears weak branches, light leaves and upward curl, reddish brown and scorched leaf margin, sometimes grass yellow spots, early defoliation, more physiological fruit drop, fruit ripening ahead of time, and decay at the top of the fruit. Among deciduous fruit trees, peach trees are sensitive to medium and trace elements, especially to iron deficiency. First of all, iron deficiency in peach trees showed green loss on young leaves, yellowish or even white, and leaf veins lost green at the same time, which was often accompanied by macular necrosis of leaf margin and leaf surface, and caused new shoots to dry up when iron deficiency was serious. In the alkaline soil with high calcium content, it is easy to cause peach leaves to lose green after stagnant water.

Therefore, Taoyuan must avoid stagnant water. After the accumulation of water in the peach orchard, it should be discharged as soon as possible, and then shallow ploughing to loosen the soil to increase the permeability of the soil. The leaves of peach trees will also lose green and yellowing when the soil manganese is deficient, but unlike iron deficiency, the leaves turn yellow, but the leaf veins and the mesophyll near them remain green, the leaf veins are clear, and small black-brown spots will occur on the leaves when there is severe manganese deficiency. There is a lack of manganese and there may be problems of poisoning. Peach trees have the possibility of manganese poisoning in acid soil or long-term flooded soil in the south. Different from manganese deficiency, scorch-like spots appeared at the edge and tip of old leaves during manganese poisoning, and gradually expanded, and there was no chlorosis. In addition, zinc deficiency caused by leaflet and boron deficiency caused the occurrence of cork brown zone near the core and cracking along the suture line of fruit, which are also nutritional diseases of peach trees.