How to buckle the shed when planting cherries

1. Select suitable varieties

The excellent early-maturing or mid-early-maturing cherry varieties suitable for planting in greenhouse are "Zhifuhong", "red light", "red cherry", "Rainier", "Sato brocade" and so on. The spur type varieties and the varieties with strong self-fruiting strength are "short branch pioneer", "short branch Steinler" and so on, and the plant-row spacing can be 2.0 Mel 2.5 m × 3.0 mi 3.5 m.

2. Time for withholding shed

The time of withholding the shed should be determined according to the facilities in the greenhouse and the time when the fresh fruit is on the market. Generally, in the third year after planting, when the plant forms a certain amount of flower buds, it can be fastened to the shed. Choose arch round plastic greenhouse, north-south direction, good light and uniform light in the shed, a single shed area of about 667 square meters is appropriate. Buckle the shed time to be accurate, should be in the cherry tree after natural dormancy (roughly in late January to early February) buckle shed.

3. Temperature and humidity requirements in the shed

Before germination, 18 ℃-20 ℃ during day, 2 ℃-5 ℃ at night, air relative humidity 80%; flowering day 20 ℃-22 ℃, night 5 ℃-7 ℃, air relative humidity 50% 60%; from anthesis to fruit expansion stage, 22 ℃-25 ℃ during day, 10 ℃-12 ℃ at night, air relative humidity 60%; fruit coloring to harvest time, 22 ℃-25 ℃ during day, 12 ℃-15 ℃ at night, air relative humidity 50%.

4. Florescence management

For protected cultivation, due to the limitation of environmental conditions in the greenhouse, the leaf quality is poor, the leaf photosynthetic capacity is low, and the fruit yield is high, which can easily lead to plant nutrient depletion and plant death. Therefore, the management of flowering stage must be strengthened, the load should be reasonable, and the nutrition level of tree storage should be improved.

The main technical measures of ① to improve fruit setting rate are as follows: 10 days before flowering, letting out the air every day at noon in sunny days to make the flower organs undergo exercise as soon as possible and receive a certain amount of direct light. To improve the quality of flower bud development, artificial pollination can be carried out from flowering to the third day after flowering, but pollination on the same day is the best; bee pollination, spraying 50 × 10 negative sixth power GA3 or rare earth fertilizer at full flowering stage can effectively increase the fruit setting rate; about 10 days after flowering, coring of new shoots can be carried out in time to prevent new shoots from competing for nutrients with young fruit growth, which has a significant effect on fruit setting rate.

② should grasp the principle of thinning late flowers, weak flowers and developing flowers on branches.

③ fruit thinning should be carried out after the physiological fruit drop, and the degree of fruit thinning depends on the fruit setting of the whole plant. Generally, a bouquet-shaped short fruit branch has 4 fruits and a maximum of 4 fruits. When thinning fruit, we should pay attention to thinning small fruit, weak fruit, leaving horizontal or upward fruit.

Spraying amino acid compound microfertilizer, such as Hongguo 88 and Fengshouwang compound microfertilizer, before fruit expansion and calyx removal after coloring by ④ can significantly improve leaf quality and chlorophyll content, increase leaf thickness, improve photosynthetic efficiency, and promote fruit expansion and coloring. In the fruit coloring period, remove the leaves that block the fruit sun, and pay special attention to the leaves on the fruit tips, but it should be noted that the photosynthates on the fruit shoots have an effect on the formation of flower buds in the second year, so they can not pick too many leaves; in order to improve fruit coloring, a reflective film can be laid under the crown 10 minutes and 15 days before fruit harvest to increase light reflection under the crown and promote fruit coloring.

5. Shaping and pruning

In protected cultivation, the light condition is poor, so the delayed happy shape or spindle shape with better light should be adopted; the pruning task of the whole year should be completed in summer; the branches should be pulled before the shed to adjust the branch angle; and the new shoots should be continuously coring for a long time to control the prosperous growth.

6. Pest control

Protected cultivation, because the plants grow in specific environmental conditions, the general diseases and insect pests are light, the main control objects are flower rot, brown rot and so on, and there are few pests in the greenhouse. In the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests, we should do a good job in orchard management in summer and autumn and eliminate all kinds of overwintering pests.