Causes and Control methods of flowering and returning of planting Pear trees

In the sand pear production areas south of Huaihe River and Yangtze River Basin, there will always be some pear orchards blooming and returning flowers every autumn. All pear trees that have flowered back will inevitably yield in the second year. Pear farmers friends have asked: why pear trees bloom back flowers? How to effectively control? According to the practice of many years, the author gives answers for farmers 'friends for their reference in production.

Reasons for Pear Blossom Returning

Compared with other fruit trees, pear trees are most likely to bloom and return flowers, which is caused by different physiological characteristics of flower bud differentiation. Pear flower bud differentiation period began earlier, generally in early May after flower drop, young fruit began to accelerate growth, flower bud differentiation began. When the young fruit expanded rapidly in the middle and late June, the flower bud also entered the stage of mass differentiation. Calyx usually begins to form in mid-July and most of it forms in mid-August. Stamens begin to form in mid-August and pistils begin to form from late August to early September. By the time the fruit is harvested, most flower buds have formed and are fully prepared for flowering. In this way, no matter it is a young year or a big year fruit pear, if the fruit is affected by bad environmental conditions, causing all leaves to fall, it will be forced to enter the dormancy period, thus completing the physiological dormancy stage necessary before germination and flowering. When the climate conditions are the same as that of spring blooming season, and the soil nitrogen and water supply are sufficient, and the carbohydrate production is more, the flower buds are easy to germinate for the second time and bloom again. After returning flowers grow into young fruits, they die in cold wave without benefit, and consume a lot of nutrients, which makes it more difficult to form flower buds for the second time, which will inevitably affect the flowering and fruit yield of the next year.

There are three main factors that cause pear trees to enter forced dormancy period: one is serious drought; the other is serious disaster of leaf-eating pests; the third is drug overdose and hormone stimulation (this item generally does not exist). The most important factor was the serious damage caused by leaf-eating pests. The main pests are pear net bugs (also known as military insects) and pear psyllid. Both pests suck leaf sap with piercing mouthparts, and the leaves gradually turn brown, dry and fall off after being seriously injured until the whole tree falls off. From July to early September, the occurrence quantity of the two pests was the largest and the damage was the most severe in each generation of the year. This period is most prone to high temperature and continuous dry weather, such as three pests occur simultaneously, it is easy to make pear trees enter forced dormancy period.

Methods of controlling flowering and returning

The method is simple and feasible. This is to ask farmers to change the one-sided practice of "fruit ripening everything, only waiting for the harvest", continue to strengthen the management of pear orchards before and after fruit harvest, do a good job of drought resistance and pest control, and prevent a large number of leaves. Before picking fruit, pay attention to irrigation of pear orchard. In case of drought, it must be irrigated once every 10 days, which not only effectively controls defoliation, but also improves fruit yield and quality. After fruit picking, the leaves can be preserved by irrigation once in the middle of drought. The key is to strengthen the control of leaf-eating pests such as pear net bug and pear psyllid. To strengthen observation, found pests, timely application of drugs to extinguish. However, it should be noted that within half a month before fruit picking, pesticide application is prohibited in pear orchard.