Four points for attention in the introduction of pear trees

In recent years, Haimen City, Jiangsu Province has taken the planting of pear trees as an important starting point for getting rich in the adjustment of agricultural structure, popularized and planted more than 8,000 mu of high-quality pears, and achieved good benefits. Introduction is the key to pear planting. According to the experience of Haimen City, the introduction of pear trees should pay attention to the following four aspects:

First, select suitable varieties according to local conditions. The introduction of pear trees must adapt to the local climate. As Haimen City is located along the coast of the Yangtze River, the annual precipitation is relatively large, and the climate has a certain particularity, such as cold in late spring, continuous rain in spring, plum rain in summer and tropical storms in summer and autumn, so the following factors must be considered in the introduction of pear trees; first, it is not suitable to choose varieties that are not moisture-tolerant, such as Xiyang pear, white pear, Qiuzi pear and so on. Second, it is not suitable to select varieties with poor disease resistance. due to the local high temperature and heavy rain, diseases are easy to occur, especially pear scab and pear rust, so the varieties easily infected with this disease should be cautious in introduction. Third, varieties with strong cold resistance should be selected. to prevent the freezing damage of pear flower buds caused by late spring cold; fourth, shelterbelts must be set up in pear orchards to reduce the impact of strong storms on pear orchards and enhance assimilation.

Second, introduce high-benefit varieties according to the times. At present, the new pear varieties are updated rapidly, so it is necessary to keep abreast of the latest developments of new pear varieties at home and abroad and introduce excellent varieties suitable for growth, but we must not be blind and do a good job in the experiment and demonstration of new varieties. When the varieties of the south move to the north and the varieties of the north move to the south, appropriate experiments should be carried out to create suitable conditions for the growth of pear trees, such as greenhouse mulching, which can be popularized only after the experiment is successful, otherwise it will get half the result with twice the effort. For example, in 2002, a fruit farmer in Shuxun Town, Haimen City, saw that the red Fuji apples growing in the north had good benefits. Without introduction experiments, they were blindly introduced and planted, but failed.

Third, reasonable collocation of pear varieties. In the process of pear introduction, we must pay attention to the reasonable collocation of pear trees, on the one hand, we should pay attention to the collocation of mature period, and achieve the combination of early, middle and late ripening. It is suggested that the proportion of early, middle and late varieties is as follows: 50% of early-maturing pear, 30% of medium-maturing pear and 20% of late-maturing pear. On the other hand, attention should be paid to the collocation of pollination trees, such as Fengshui pear can be used as pollination tree when the new high pear is mainly planted, but the new high pear has less pollen, so it must be pollinated with other appropriate pollinated varieties, such as Huanghua pear, otherwise it will result in no yield of Fengshui pear due to its inability to complete cross-pollination.

Fourth, select new pear varieties suitable for planting. After years of experiment and variety comparison, the pear varieties with better adaptability in Haimen are mainly sand pear varieties introduced from Japan and South Korea, such as new varieties introduced from Japan, such as Fengshui, Xinshui, Xingshui, Xinggao, Aiganshui, Xinxing, Aidan pear, etc.; new varieties introduced from South Korea, such as Daguo Crystal Pear, Golden Pear, Zaosheng Gold, Qiuhuang and so on. Some of China's own varieties are also suitable for the growth of Haimen, such as Cuiguan pear, Huanghua pear, emerald and so on.