How to store lemons and prevent diseases

Lemon, also known as lemon, foreign lemon, motherfruit and so on. Because of its extremely sour taste, liver deficiency pregnant women like to eat, so it is called beneficial mother fruit or beneficial mother and son. Lemon is rich in citric acid, so it is known as "citric acid warehouse". Because the taste is very sour, it can only be used as a high-quality seasoning to prepare drinks, dishes, cosmetics and medicines. Lemon is a small evergreen tree of Rutaceae, native to Malaysia. At present, it is distributed along the Mediterranean coast, Southeast Asia and America. It is also cultivated in Taiwan, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi and other places. Lemon has a strong aroma and sour taste, fruit juice contains 5% 7% citric acid, rich in vitamin C, fragrance, calming, luck, appetizer, help digestion and increase appetite. Fruit can be used for sour juice and spices, fresh fruit can be used to prepare beverage, which is of high value in the international market and occupies a certain economic position. Sichuan is more cultivated in our country. The quality is good, and it is cultivated in Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Taiwan and Zhejiang.

The main results are as follows: (1) the storage characteristics and varieties of lemon fruit are solid, bright color, green pedicel, full oil cell and fragrant. Lemon peel has compact tissue and thick waxy layer, so it is a kind of citrus fruit which is more resistant to storage. Lemon has the habit of blooming and fruiting in four seasons, and its fresh fruit has a long supply period. Lemons are usually picked in October or January and packed in standard wooden cases of biphenyl wrapping paper. When picking lemons, use scissors to cut, do not leave fruit handle, pick and place gently.

There are many varieties of lemon, but only more than ten kinds are cultivated in our country, and there are generally no varieties on the market. The main cultivated varieties: Yulik and Lisbon are more resistant to storage, while lemon, Fry franc and Jiannao are poor in storage resistance.

(2) the best storage condition for lemon is the temperature of 10 ℃ and the relative humidity of 85% and 90%. Under these conditions, lemon can be stored for 8 to 9 months, but the quality of lemon does not decrease significantly. Some varieties are suitable for storage at 12-15 ℃. 5% to 10% oxygen can significantly prolong the storage life of lemons. Carbon dioxide inhibited the chlorination of lemon, deepened the color of mature fruit and reduced the content of citric acid after long-term storage in high carbon dioxide.

(3) Storage mode and management.

The lemon fruits harvested in ① cold storage were packed in wooden boxes and transported to cold storage, which were pre-cooled to 10 ℃. Lemon fruits without diseases and insect pests, mechanical injury and decay were selected for storage. Make a small packing bag with 0.01mm thick high density polyethylene film or 0.02mm thick low density polyethylene film, put the lemon fruit into the bag, tighten the mouth of the bag, and put it into the packing box. Stack the boxes in the library. Space should be left between the pallets to facilitate ventilation. Lemons can be stored for 8 to 9 months at a storage temperature of 10 ℃ and a relative humidity of 85% / 90%.

② ventilated storage will transport the picked lemons to the ventilated storage, remove insects, diseases, injuries and rotten fruits, pack them with a single fruit of 0.01mm thick high-density polyethylene film, and put them in a packing box. The packing box is stacked in the shape of "product" in the warehouse, and there should be a gap between the stacks to maintain the temperature of 10: 15 ℃ and the relative humidity of 85% and 90%. During the storage period, attention should be paid to the management of the temperature of the storage. the external temperature is relatively high in the early and later stages, so it is necessary to strengthen the ventilation, open the vents every night, let cold air into the storage, and close the vents in the early morning to cool down. In the middle severe cold season, we should pay attention to cold prevention and heat preservation, and strive to keep the temperature of the ventilation warehouse at 10: 15 ℃.

(4) precautions and disease prevention measures lemon rot is mainly caused by fungi, no physiological rot. The penicillium and green mold of lemon mostly occurred after 3 months of storage, and the stem rot of lemon occurred at the end of storage. Fungicides can be used to treat lemon fruits before storage.