Two methods to improve fruit setting rate of persimmon trees

Persimmon is the fruit of a widely planted important fruit tree, mainly planted in Henan, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Hebei and other mountainous areas. Persimmon was introduced into France and Mediterranean countries in the 19th century, and then into the United States. The diameter of persimmon fruit is about 5 to 8 centimeters, yellow to red. Persimmons contain vitamin An and a small amount of vitamin C.

Improper cultivation and management of persimmon trees can easily lead to falling flowers and fruits. The main reason for persimmon flower and fruit drop is physiological fruit drop, which is caused by physiological imbalance of persimmon itself, mainly caused by insufficient nutrition and poor pollination. The growth of the tree consumes too much nutrition and the lack of light in the crown will aggravate the physiological fruit drop. The first physiological fruit drop was 5 days after flowering, and the second time was 25 fruit 30 days after flowering. Second, the falling flowers and fruits are caused by diseases and insect pests, drug damage and tree injury. The following measures can be taken to reduce the flower and fruit drop of persimmon and improve the fruit setting rate.

First, to control the first flower of persimmon pedicle insect (subject to a flower blooming in persimmon orchard) for 7-8 days, 2.5% trimethoprim 2500 times, 21% 2500 times, 10% Dolabal suspension 1000 times 2000 times, 5% rifampicin EC 2000 times, 25% thiazuron 3 2000 times, etc., can be used for spray control. The effect of control is better when the insecticides are applied alternately.

Second, improve the fruit setting rate (1) Zen Temple pills with male flowers are planted as pollination trees, which should account for 10% to 20% of the total number of trees. (2) topdressing and watering before flowering. During flowering, 0.1% borax solution and 300PPm gibberellin solution, or 0.1% borax solution, 0.3% urea solution and 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution were sprayed.

(3) ease the growth of new shoots. When the flower blooms up to 50%, peel the trunk or branch around.

Configure pollination tree

Most varieties of persimmon have strong parthenocarpy ability, but some varieties, especially most Japanese sweet persimmon varieties, such as Fufu, Yidou, etc., have weak parthenocarpy ability, so pollination trees must be configured. Pollination varieties account for 10% or 20% of the main varieties, and varieties with early flowering and male flowers, such as Zansi pills and red persimmons, can be selected.

Improve the nutrition level of trees

The lack of fertilizer and water in persimmon trees is the main reason for low yield and serious age. In order to achieve high and stable yield, rational fertilization and irrigation are necessary. 10:3:9 is suitable for N: P: K in adult persimmon orchard. Nitrogen fertilizer was the main fertilizer in the early stage of fertilization in a year, and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer was increased in the later stage. Base fertilizer should be applied in combination with autumn ploughing before and after fruit harvest. Mainly organic fertilizer, the amount of fertilizer can account for half of the amount of fertilizer applied in the whole year. In general, in the full fruit period, the application of ring fertilizer per tree is about 100kg, and the superphosphate 10kg is about.

Topdressing, usually at the withered peak of branches in May (before flowering), after the first peak of physiological fruit drop, and before fruit expansion and coloring, can obviously promote fruit setting, promote the formation and differentiation of flower buds in the next year, and improve the quality of flower buds.