High-yield cultivation techniques of Lotus Root

Lotus root, also known as lotus root, is a lotus roots, meals can also be medicinal. In China's Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Hubei, Shandong, Henan, Hebei, Guangdong and other places are planted. Lotus root belongs to lotus family. Lotus slightly sweet and crisp, can be eaten raw or cooked, is one of the commonly used dishes. Lotus root is also a plant with high medicinal value. Its roots, leaves and flowers are treasures, which can be used as tonic medicine. Lotus root powder can digest diarrhea, appetizer, clear heat, nourish and prevent internal bleeding. It is a good liquid food and nourishing treasure for women and children, weak and sick. Lotus root is rich in vitamin C and minerals, has medicinal effects, is beneficial to the heart, has the effect of promoting metabolism and preventing rough skin. In China's Jiangsu, Anhui, Hubei, Shandong, Henan, Hebei and other places are planted. Lotus root is also called lotus root, because of its underground stem color white, it is also called white stem. The poem "Yong He" by Chen Zhisui, a scholar of Jiangnan, says: "In the mud, the white stem is buried and no one knows." Life is red and green, and the pool is full of incense without waiting for the wind." Lotus root is also an important cash crop in agriculture.

1. type

(1)lotus root

Edible lotus group, white and pink, underground stem is more plump. According to different edible conditions, it can be divided into two types: lotus root and lotus seed. Lotus roots aim to harvest fat underground stems. Veins raised, flower or not flower, not seed or seed few, lotus hypertrophy; seed lotus generally more resistant to deep water, mature late, veins do not bulge, fruit, lotus seeds large, but lotus smaller, poor quality.

(2)Hualien

Lotus flowers with groups, lotus extremely beautiful, for viewing and medicinal majority. Very little fruit, lotus root small, poor quality.

How to cultivate lotus root to produce high yield?

Fine soil preparation and sufficient base fertilizer

Lotus root grows in soil, which requires soil rich in humus, soft and loose, and good permeability, which is most conducive to the growth of lotus root, and easy to obtain high quality and high yield. Therefore, before planting lotus roots, deep soil ploughing, fine soil preparation and sufficient basal fertilizer should be applied. Generally, before thawing in late winter, drainage is combined with lotus root collection, and then deep ploughing 33-40 cm, so that the soil is fully weathered, and from the beginning of spring to the vernal equinox, the floor is started to spread manure. The method is: first from the topsoil 33-40 cm, and then electric ramming hit the bottom of the pool to prevent leakage of fertilizer leakage. Lotus pond is generally 16.7 meters long and 10 meters wide. The upper part of the pond ridge is 50-67 cm wide, the lower part is 1 meter wide and 67 meters high. Pool to pool, don't cross the channel. After the lotus pond is well drilled, 3000-4000 kg of human manure and 4000-5000 kg of decomposed fertilizer are applied to each mu, and the soil is continuously deeply ploughed for 4 times to mix the soil fertilizer and level the ground so that the pond is as flat as a mirror. Finally, water is drained and the pool is stepped on. When stepping on the pool, shallow water is put into the pool at a depth of 10-13 cm, and then the ground is repeatedly stepped on. When the pool soil is completely stepped into soft and slippery mud, it can be prepared for planting.

Proper planting, reasonable planting density

1. Selection of seed lotus root before planting is one of the important measures to cultivate strong seedlings and obtain high yield. Lotus seed should be selected lotus root node hypertrophy, bud growth, no disease and insect harm, and with the characteristics of this variety of lotus root as seed lotus root, the more fat the better, such seed lotus root not only has a lot of nutrients, but also has vigorous vitality buds, can promote the rapid growth and development of new stems, thus laying the foundation for the healthy growth of lotus plants. 2. According to years of practice, the planting period of lotus root is from grain rain to summer. Planting period should not be too early or too late, too early, low water temperature and ground temperature, slow germination, lotus seedlings are not prosperous; too late, seedlings are too large, slow seedling time is long, easy to bruise or break when planting, and the growth period is shortened, affecting yield and benefit. 3, reasonable density planting, the method is appropriate planting density can not be too large or too small, the appropriate density is generally 2.3 meters row spacing, plant spacing 1 root next to 1 root, each mu with 400-450 kg of lotus seed. In order to facilitate planting, the pool water should not be too deep, generally reserved about 10 cm, its planting methods have two kinds, one is oblique planting method, one is flat planting method. When planting, dig a ditch 1-2 meters long, 13-16 cm wide and 16-20 cm deep, and then re-spring the tip of the seed lotus downward into the ditch, covering the pond mud 10-13 cm thick to cover the bud. When covering the mud, the lotus head is slightly deeper, and then slightly exposed to the water surface, so as to use sunlight to improve the mud temperature and promote rooting and germination. If the flat planting method is adopted, the stems are easy to run out of the mud, and the seedlings are easy to swing due to wind blowing. Therefore, check frequently after planting. If they float out of the water surface, they need to be replanted. Lotus planting method, the use of alternating arrangement, a row to the south, that is, lotus tip to a direction, forward slightly left, right; another row to the north, north and south ends, lotus head to the pool ridge.

1, scientific irrigation and fertilization lotus requires fluidity of shallow water and sufficient fertilizer. After planting seedlings growth period, the pool should not always maintain 10-20 cm deep water layer, found that the water level decreased, should be timely irrigation supplement. After planting 1-2 days irrigation 1 time, so shallow water layer in the pool, there is the use of sunlight, soil temperature increased quickly, can promote the leaves and take the stem out. If the water layer is too deep, the pool temperature is low, which is not conducive to the growth of lotus seedlings. After the summer solstice, irrigation is less, because the bottom of the pool has been solid, not easy to leak, generally 1 week irrigation 1 time. The summer solstice begins to knot lotus roots, and the beginning of autumn is the peak period of lotus expansion. The water depth should be kept at 33-40 cm.