Propagation techniques of bracken

Bracken, also known as fist vegetables, cat claws, leading vegetables, bracken also contains 18 kinds of amino acids and so on. Modern research shows that the cellulose in bracken can promote intestinal peristalsis and reduce the absorption of fat by intestines and stomach. Bracken taste sweet cold, medicine has detoxification, heat-clearing, moistening intestines, phlegm and other effects, often eaten can lower blood pressure, relieve dizziness and insomnia. Bracken can also stop diarrhea and diuresis, and the dietary fiber it contains can promote gastrointestinal peristalsis, has the effect of relieving qi and defecation, clearing intestines and detoxification, and can also treat rheumatic arthritis, dysentery, hemoptysis and other diseases. It also has preventive effect on measles and influenza.

The reproduction of bracken includes sexual reproduction, asexual reproduction and tissue culture.

sexual propagation

Collect the spores that are brown in appearance and the sporangia are not cracked. Cut the leaves with spores with clean scissors and put them into a paper bag for dry use.

It is economical and convenient to sow spores in mixed soil to make culture medium. Mix peat soil, river sand and turf ash in proportion, mix well, sift, make mixed soil, and then steam sterilize for half an hour.

Put the prepared mixed soil culture container in shallow water one day before spore sowing, spread the spores evenly on the culture medium, cover the spores, soak them in shallow water, and culture them the next day.

Spore culture moved the seeded container to a hotbed or incubator, keeping the temperature at 25 ℃, humidity above 80%, and light for more than 4 hours a day. One month later, the spores germinated, grew into young protonema, and then grew into a flattened heart-shaped or banded gametophyte. Archegonia and globular spermatozoa grow out of the abdomen of the gametophyte. At this time, the spermatozoa were sprayed twice a day for a week, and the sperm flowed out to combine with the eggs to form embryos. It developed into sporophytic plantlets after a week.

After sporophyte transplanting, the sporophyte grew 3-4 leaves and then transplant for the first time, but still tended to use mixed soil as bed soil. After 1 week and 2 weeks, the seedlings were moved out of the hotbed, and the seedlings were transplanted or planted for the second time after growing up.

Asexual reproduction technique

Asexual spore reproduction some ferns grow spores in the axils of pinnae and below the top of the leaf axis, some of the meristem at the top of the axis touch the ground to produce new plants, or vegetative leaves can also produce new plants.

Vegetative propagation is to cultivate the stolon in segments, or the erect rhizome can be longitudinally cut into 2 parts, but each segment must have roots and leaves in order to survive.

The somatic cells of pteridophytes in tissue culture also have the ability of regeneration. By using this method, a large number of fern seedlings can be cultured by collecting only a small number of vegetative organs.

Sexual reproduction in the first and middle of June, when the spore leaves unfold and the edges are yellowish, the leaves are cut back, put indoors on plastic sheeting or paper, the sporangia are cracked and the spores are scattered, and the spores are collected and stored in the refrigerator.

Sift the crushed peat or humus, disinfect it with carbendazim and make a bed 1 meter wide and 10 centimeters high, pour enough water on the bottom, and then spread the spores evenly on the bed surface. Just seal the bed with plastic film. After frequent watering, maintain humidity, after about 2-3 months can grow small embryo stem.

Rhizome propagation chooses the land with plenty of sunshine, loose, fertile, moist and well-drained soil as transplanting land.

The wild rhizome was dug from late April to early May, and the rhizome with more buds and fibrous roots was cut into a 30cm-40cm long rhizome, especially the rhizome with mixed buds was easy to survive and the yield was high.

After the rhizome is dug, it is best to plant it in time to improve the survival rate. If it cannot be planted with digging, it should be placed in a wet place or covered with a wet grass curtain. The distance between planting rows is 40 cm × 40 cm, and the planting depth is 10 cm. Sexually propagated seedlings can be planted in the same way in autumn or spring.

How to use spores to reproduce bracken

The main results are as follows: (1) the mature bracken spores were collected and treated with 300mg / L (ppm) gibberellin for 15 minutes in February to promote spore germination.

(2) sowing spores pour the treated spores into a spray can filled with water, shake them well, spray them in a wooden box containing humus or peat soil, cover the wooden box with paper or film after sowing, and place it at a temperature of about 25 ℃. It takes about a month for the baby to sprout.

(3) to cultivate young plants when the young fern grows 6 cm high, the young fern is moved from the seedling tray to the hotbed at a distance of 4 cm × 4 cm. It was planted in Daejeon in late May.