High-yield cultivation and management of garlic

Garlic, also known as garlic, garlic. Semiannual herb of the genus Allium in Liliaceae, used as a bulb in medicine. Harvest in spring and summer, tie the handle, hang in the ventilated place, dry in the shade and set aside. As the agricultural proverb says, "if you plant garlic, it will grow nine months." when the leaves are withered in June, they will be dug, removed, ventilated, dried or baked until the outer skin is dry. Garlic is oblate or short conical, with gray-white or light brown membranous scales on the outside, peeled off the scale leaves, with 6-10 cloves inside, whorled around the flower stem, the base of the stem is discoid, and there are many fibrous roots. Each garlic clove is wrapped in a thin film and peeled off to see white, thick and succulent scales. There is a strong spicy garlic flavor, spicy taste. It has a pungent smell, can be eaten or seasoned, or can be used as medicine. The underground bulb is divided into purple skin and white skin according to different skin color. Garlic was introduced into China from the Western regions in the Qin and Han dynasties. After artificial cultivation and breeding, garlic has the effect of anti-cancer and is loved by the public.

Garlic warm, taste Xinping; enter the spleen, stomach, lung meridian. Yin deficiency fire and chronic gastritis ulcer patients should be careful to eat external use can cause skin redness, burning, blistering, so it should not be too long, skin allergies should be used with caution. Garlic has antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects, can protect the liver, regulate blood sugar, protect cardiovascular, anti-hyperlipidemia and arteriosclerosis, anti-platelet aggregation. Nutrition experts have found that garlic extract has an anti-tumor effect, so it is recommended to eat 3Mel 5g of garlic raw every day. Although garlic has the function of killing insects, detoxifying, dispelling cold and strengthening stomach, it belongs to damp-heat products, and it is also irritant. it can stimulate the liver, lungs, stomach and eyes, and should be abstained from patients with liver heat or hepatitis, severe fire in spleen and stomach, eye pain or inflammation. Eating too much garlic hurts the spleen, lungs, liver, ears, phlegm and cough.

If garlic wants to be high-yield, scientific cultivation method is the key, so now we will share with you a kind of garlic high-yield cultivation technique.

Variety selection

Select varieties with high quality, early maturity and high yield, strong resistance to diseases and insect pests, strong resistance to stress, good marketability, suitable for local cultivation and meet the needs of the market.

Pre-broadcast preparation

Seed treatment ① optimal temperature treatment: strictly according to the technical requirements in the cold storage of 0mur5 ℃ for 40 days, breaking the dormancy period and maturing earlier. Soak the seeds with ② agent: soak the seeds with 50% carbendazim 500x solution for 16 hours to kill the germs on the seed surface.

After soil preparation and fertilization, the soil was ploughed immediately after harvest, and the soil was ploughed into 20m / mu, combined with 3000 kg of high-quality mature farm manure per mu and 50 kg of compound fertilizer as base fertilizer for open cultivation.

Sowing seeds

The suitable sowing time is from the end of August to the middle of September. The secondary growth is easy to occur when sowing too early, and the disease is serious.

The sowing rate and density are as follows: the seed amount per mu of green garlic seedlings is 250,000kg, and the row spacing is 6 × 10 cm. The seed consumption of garlic and garlic mu is 100,150 kg per mu, and the row spacing is 10 × 30 cm. To harvest garlic mainly, choose 100 cloves of garlic in about 100 grams of small garlic cloves, with a seed amount of 120 million 150 kg, plant spacing of 10 × 10 cm.

The sowing method is generally on demand, and after soil preparation, artificial sowing is carried out with bean piles according to the row spacing.

Field management

1. After sowing garlic with irrigation, if the soil is moist, seedlings can emerge without irrigation, and the soil should be kept moist during the whole growing period. In the bolting period and garlic expansion period, irrigation should be increased to avoid drought. After picking moss, irrigation should be increased to keep the soil moist, and irrigation should be stopped one week before garlic harvest.

2. Topdressing and promoting seedling fertilizer: that is, urea 10murl 15kg / mu is used in 4mi 5 leaf stage; lichen fertilizer: urea 15m 2kg, potassium sulfate 5mi 10kg / mu is applied in 7mi 8 leaf stage, and 0.1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate is sprayed on the leaf surface for 1 time. After bolting, 20ml / mu compound fertilizer is applied during garlic expansion period, and irrigation should be made in time after each topdressing.

3. The main diseases of garlic are purple spot, leaf blight and rust. It can be sprayed and controlled 3 times with 1 Vera 1 200 fold Bordeaux liquid or 75% Chlorothalonil 600 fold solution or 50% carbendazim 500 Mel 800 fold solution. Insect pests include thrips, onion scale moths, seed flies, etc., which can be controlled by pyrethroid pesticides. Chemical herbicides are sprayed with 24% Guoer EC or 48% Lasu EC or 50% herbicide EC after sowing garlic or before the first leaf of the seedlings.

There is skill in avoiding loose garlic cloves.

In the later stage of bulb expansion, it is necessary to do a good job of drainage in time after rainfall, and do not pour water unless it is dry, so as to avoid excessive soil moisture.

Timely harvest of garlic bolts 18-20 days after harvest is the appropriate time for garlic harvest. Early harvest, not only garlic skin thin, white, and not easy to break up; late harvest, in case of rain, easy to break off. The standard of suitable harvest time is that when most of the plant leaves are dry, the upper leaves fade to the leaf tip dry and droop, the plant is in a soft state, the plant is overwhelmed from the base to one side, and it is a sign of maturity when it is not brittle and tough, so it should be harvested in time.

After harvest, the garlic leaves were covered with garlic leaves, with emphasis on the garlic stalks and leaves, so as to reduce the water content in the body and make the base of the leaf sheath and protective scales gradually lose water and dry. Rainproof and moistureproof during storage. At the beginning of storage, cutting off the fibrous roots of garlic can delay the release of cloves.