High yield and Seedling raising of rape is the key

Rape, also known as rape, sowthistle, Latin name: Brassica campestris L. Cruciferae, Brassica plants, native to China, its stem color dark green, such as cabbage, is a variety of cruciferous cabbage, flowers are yellow. In agronomy, a number of species with oily seeds in plants are collectively referred to as rape. At present, the main cultivation types of rapeseed are Brassica napus, Brassica napus and Brassica napus. Mainly distributed in Anhui, Henan, Sichuan and other places. Rape is rich in nutrition, in which vitamin C content is very high. Rape generally grows in places where the climate is relatively humid, such as southern China. Rapeseed also has many uses, such as rape flowers can be eaten when they are not in bud; rape flowers are also a beautiful scenic spot when they are in full bloom (Hanzhong City, Shaanxi Province, China); after the flowers have withered, rapeseed can extract oil.

Edible effect of rapeseed

Rape texture is crisp and tender, slightly bitter, contains a variety of nutrients, rich in vitamin C. Its seed oil content reaches 3550%, can be squeezed oil, its rapeseed oil is rich in fatty acids and a variety of vitamins, high nutritional value. It is not only a good edible vegetable oil, but also has a wide range of uses in industry. The signature nutrient content and dietotherapy value of rape can be called the leader of all kinds of vegetables. According to the determination of experts, rape contains a variety of nutrients, which contains more than twice as much vitamin C as Chinese cabbage. It can activate blood circulation and remove blood stasis, detoxify and detumescence, relax intestines and defecate, and strengthen the body. Main treatment of erysipelas, hand and foot furuncle swelling, breast abscess, habitual constipation, calcium deficiency in the elderly and other diseases.

Strong seedlings are the basis for high yield of "double-low" rape, which is directly related to whether high yield can be obtained in the end. Therefore, cultivating large and strong seedlings is the core goal and task of rape sowing and seedling raising. Around this goal and task, the key is to do a good job in the following aspects:

First, fine sowing and cultivating strong seedlings.

1. Get the seedbed ready. The seedbed should be made of soybeans, peanuts and corn with high topography, fertile and loose soil, convenient drainage and irrigation, and vegetable land and continuous cropping land should not be used as rape seedbed. The border surface of the seedling bed should be flat, and the soil grains should be uniform. Generally, the area of the seedling bed per mu is about 0.15-0.2 mu. Before sowing, the soil is carefully prepared, ditched for the border, and combined with soil preparation and uniform fertilization, so that the soil and fertilizer are mixed. Generally per mu of seedling bed application of human and animal manure 30m / m 40m, 25% compound fertilizer 50Kg, agricultural borax 0.5Kg.

two。 Early broadcast at the right time. Early sowing within the appropriate period is beneficial to the cultivation of strong seedlings before winter, to the awakening and early development of rape, and to create conditions for timely early planting. The suitable sowing time of rape in our county is September 15-25, and it is easy to suffer frost injury in the later stage of early sowing, and sowing too late is not conducive to the cultivation of strong seedlings. The rape varieties promoted in our county this year are still dominated by double-low hybrid high-quality rape Qinyou 7, with the planting part of Qinyou 10. Generally, it is appropriate to use about 0.6-0.75 kg per mu of seedbed. When sowing, mix and spread evenly with fine soil to avoid clustered seedlings or large vacancy. In case of drought, you should first pour through water or ditch irrigation with sufficient water, and then sow seeds with suitable soil moisture to improve the emergence rate.

3. Strengthen management. During the period of rape seedling raising, dry weather often occurs in our county, which affects seedling emergence. Therefore, if there is a dry weather before the rape seedlings, it is necessary to increase the watering times to prevent the bed soil from drying and cracking; to use furrow irrigation to fight drought, should be rapid irrigation and drainage, it is appropriate to moist the border surface, not stagnant water. After finishing the seedlings, the seedlings should be homogenized, inter-seedlings and fixed in time, according to the principles of densification, impurity, purity, disease and health, the seedling density should be 15-18 plants per square foot, and the thin dung water should be applied in time after setting the seedlings to promote strong roots. at the same time, a bag of "dwarf seedling strong" (15g) mixed with water 4-5Kg foliar spray should be used in each seedling bed, which can effectively dwarf the plant, prevent the formation of tall seedlings and promote the development of rape root system. Increase the leaf thickness and chlorophyll content, so as to improve the overall quality of seedlings, chemical control should pay attention not to re-spray, do not miss spraying, sowing late or thin weak seedlings can be appropriately reduced or not sprayed. A few days before transplanting, the correct medicament should be selected to seriously control the diseases and insect pests such as vegetable borer, aphids, cabbage green insects, downy mildew and root rot, so as to put an end to the disease and insects entering the field.

Management measures of rape at seedling stage:

It is necessary to do a good job of seedling determination during the period of rape seedlings in time. In terms of method, it is appropriate to remove weak seedlings, small seedlings and miscellaneous seedlings, and leave 3 seedlings per pond. Do not pay attention to lax management, less than time seedlings, rape seedlings are not strong, individual development is poor, the growth potential is as weak as tall seedlings, which is not conducive to high yield.

In order to control underground pests in time, rape seedlings should be prevented from harming seedlings by pests such as ground tigers, resulting in lack of ponds and broken ridges of rape. Method: spray 30ml / mu of Baishu with water. It is better to choose the time to control the ground tiger around 6 o'clock in the afternoon.

It is necessary to apply seedling fertilizer in time. After the rape seedlings are fixed, when the rape grows to 4 murine 5 seedlings, the seedling fertilizer should be applied in time, and the urea will be applied 15 Mu 20 kg per mu. After fertilizing, we should irrigate in time and withdraw quickly. Irrigation should make sure that the water does not cover the moisture, and the soil moisture has moisture absorption (tide). When the soil moisture is suitable, ploughing and hoeing should be done in time to remove soil consolidation and enhance soil permeability, which is conducive to root development.