Planting techniques of carrots

Carrot (carrot), alias carrot, clove radish, gourd gold, also known as carrot, red vegetable head, yellow radish, etc., is an umbrella-shaped biennial herb with fleshy stems as vegetables to eat. Carrots contain 1.67-12.1 mg carotene per 100 grams of fresh weight, which is 5-7 times higher than that of tomatoes. After eating, carrots are digested and decomposed into vitamin A, which can prevent night blindness and respiratory diseases. Can be fried, cooked, eaten raw, pickled, pickled, etc., resistant to storage. It is distributed all over the world, and it is cultivated in both the south and north of China, and its output accounts for the second place in root vegetables. Anti-cancer, known as underground "little ginseng".

1. Sowing carrot seedlings in soil preparation grows slowly and the growth period is long. Grain Rain and Grain in Beard are arranged to sow seeds before and after film-laying and non-film-laying. Its straight root is deep in the soil, so it is suitable to choose sandy loam soil with deep soil layer, good ventilation and drainage. Plough 22-26cm, then fine rake 2Mel 3 times, flatten and rake fine, and combine with soil preparation to apply fully rotten and finely crushed organic fertilizer.

Carrots can be sown in high ridges or in flat beds. Usually ridge distance 50-60cm, each ridge strip sowing two rows, plant distance 10cm or so. The width of the flat bed is 1-1.5m. Under the condition of better fertilizer and water, the suitable row spacing is 10 × 10cm or 12 × 12cm.

Carrot seeds have spiny hairs, which hinder the seeds from absorbing water, and they are easy to bond into clumps and are inconvenient to sow, so rub the bristles off before sowing. Strip sowing uses seed 0.75kg per mu, and sowing 1.5-2kg. In order to make carrots sprout quickly and neatly, seed soaking can also be carried out to accelerate germination, which can generally emerge 3 Mel 4 days ahead of schedule.

two。 Field management

The main results are as follows: 1) the seedlings of inter-seedling and herbicidal carrot should be early, and the seedlings should be carried out for the first time when the seedlings grow to 2 true leaves, the weak seedlings that are too dense should be removed, the healthy seedlings should be retained and the distance between seedlings should be 3-4cm. (4) the seedlings were fixed with 5 leaves, and the number of seedlings per mu was about 10,000 for large species and 40,000 to 60,000 for small and medium-sized species.

Carrots grow slowly in seedling stage and weeds grow rapidly. Therefore, timely weeding is the key to ensure the health of the whole seedling. Generally combined with inter-seedling for mid-tillage and weeding, herbicides can also be used to kill weeds. Common herbicides are herbicide ether (25%), 0.75-1kg per mu, spraying soil surface before sprouting after sowing (excluding film mulching, which should be carried out during soil preparation); herbicide No. 1 (5%), with a dosage of 100ml 150g per mu, or prometryne (50%) 100g, mixed with water 50ml 60g.

2) irrigated and fertilized carrots have strong drought tolerance, but they must supply water and nutrients reasonably. From sowing to emergence, the seedlings should be watered continuously for 3 times to ensure smooth emergence. The water demand in the seedling stage is not large, and the water content should be kept moderate. When entering the peak period of leaf growth, it is necessary to properly control moisture, strengthen mid-tillage and maintain the balanced growth of aboveground and underground parts. Fleshy root hypertrophy period, but also the period of the greatest demand for water, should be timely watering, often keep the soil moist. If the watering is not enough, the fleshy root is thin and rough, and the quality is poor. If the water supply is uneven, it is easy to cause fleshy root cracking.

Carrots were absorbed very slowly in the early growth stage, and a large amount of nutrients were absorbed with the rapid growth of fleshy roots. For each 1000kg product, nitrogen 3.2kg, phosphorus 1.3kg and potassium 5kg are absorbed. Therefore, in addition to applying sufficient base fertilizer, topdressing 2 15kg should be applied 3 times during its growth period, the first time before and after seedling production, 10-30kg ammonium sulfate per mu was applied, and then the second and third topdressing was carried out every 25 days, with 25-Mu compound fertilizer applied each time. In addition, carrots are sensitive to high concentration of fresh barnyard manure and soil solution. If fresh barnyard manure or too much fertilizer is used, it is easy to fork roots.

How to improve the emergence rate of carrot

Carrot seeds are sown according to the conventional method because the epidermis is attached to a layer of spiny hairs, and the emergence is slow and irregular. After years of practice, the effect of soaking seeds with hydrogen peroxide solution is better, and it has been popularized and applied in the carrot production base of Xiangcheng County.

Soak the seeds with 25% hydrogen peroxide solution in a container, pour into the carrot seeds that have been rubbed off the bristles, stir with sticks while pouring, soak for 30 minutes and 50 minutes.

After the seeds were germinated and soaked, the seeds were removed from the hydrogen peroxide solution, then washed with clean water for 3 times and filtered at the same time, then filled in a container and covered with a wet cloth to accelerate germination. If the seeds are moderately mature and full, more than 85% of the seeds germinate in 7-8 days, and the seedlings can be completed 5 days after sowing.

Note one is that before soaking the seeds, you should choose sunny days to dry the seeds. The second is to sterilize the seeds which have been soaked and germinated with chlorothalonil solution. Third, the seeds after seed soaking and accelerating germination and sterilization should be sowed in time and the soil should be moist. Fourth, cover 0.5-1cm thick soil after sowing and slightly suppress it, then cover the sun with mulch, and remove the mulch when 10%-15% of the seedlings are unearthed.