Field cultivation techniques of Cordyceps sinensis

Cordyceps sinensis, also known as Cordyceps sinensis, is a kind of valuable nourishing medicine commonly used by the people in our country. Its nutritional composition is higher than that of ginseng, and it can be used as medicine or edible. It is an excellent delicacy with high nutritional value. Cordyceps sinensis can enhance immunity, nourish lung and kidney, and has obvious inhibitory effect on lung cancer, liver cancer and so on. It is effective in clinical treatment of lung deficiency, chronic cough, asthma, pulmonary tuberculosis hemoptysis, night sweats, kidney deficiency, waist and knee pain, impotence, spermatorrhea, neurasthenia and erythrocytopenia after chemotherapy and radiotherapy.

Morphological features:

Cordyceps sinensis is made by connecting the insect body to the fungus, with a total length of 9cm to 12cm. The worm body, such as the three-sleeping old silkworm, is about 3-6 cm long and 0.4-0.7 cm thick. The appearance is dark yellow and rough, with most transverse wrinkles on the back and 8 pairs on the ventral side. 4 pairs located in the middle of the insect body are obviously visible.

The cross-section is full of heart, white, slightly yellowish and dark yellow around. The fungus emerged from the head of the worm, showing a rod shape, curved and slightly enlarged in the upper part. The surface is grayish brown or dark brown, up to 4cm in length and 0.3 cm in diameter. When it is broken, the heart is empty and pink. It stinks and tastes light. The best ones are yellow and bright color, plump and hypertrophy, yellow-white cross-section and short flora.

Techniques of cultivating Cordyceps sinensis in field

1. Select the seed stem. Cordyceps sinensis does not need seeds to propagate, and the rhizome is chosen as the seedling. Should choose the stem in the non-flowering plant that is stout and enlarged, the Internode length is long, and the root damage is less. The stem length is at least 5 to 6 cm, preferably 15 to 20 cm. It can be planted all the year round. However, in order to ensure the survival rate, it is best to choose in spring, when the stem has just sprouted, transplanting is easy to survive.

2. Land preparation and bottom fertilizer. Choose a field with convenient irrigation and make a border bed after comprehensive soil preparation. And basic fertilizer should be applied during soil preparation, and 3000 to 5000 kg of farm fertilizer, 50 kg of compound fertilizer, 50 kg of superphosphate, 15 to 20 kg of potash or 100kg of plant ash should be applied per mu.

3. Trench and sow seeds. In the border bed in the field, a longitudinal trench is opened every 35 centimeters, the ditch depth is generally 8 to 10 centimeters, and a stem of Cordyceps sinensis is planted every 7 to 10 centimeters in the ditch. After setting it up, cover the planting stem carefully with fine soil, so that the seed stem can not be exposed to the soil surface.

4. Weeding and irrigation. Cordyceps sinensis is easily squeezed out by weeds, so the field should be sprayed with glyphosate and Acetochlor immediately after sowing, and Acetochlor every 20 days thereafter. After the whole field was covered with Cordyceps sinensis, the weeds were pulled out by hand. Cordyceps sinensis likes dampness but is afraid of flooding. It is best to use furrow irrigation and sprinkler irrigation instead of flooding irrigation. Make sure there is no water on the bed surface of the border bed and there is stagnant water in the bed ditch.

5. Fertilization management. After sowing, starting from Changqi seedlings, fertilizer is applied every 10 to 15 days, and 30% of people's feces are applied each time. 50% of human manure is applied during the peak growing season from May to June. 1500 to 2000 kilograms per mu, and about 10 kilograms of urea per mu for the last time. After the closure of Cordyceps sinensis, there is no longer topdressing between rows, but foliar topdressing can be carried out, spraying with 0.1% to 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, about 50 kg of water and fertilizer mixture per mu. When Cordyceps sinensis grows up, the buds should be removed in time in order to use nutrients on the growth of underground stems.

6. Harvest. The leaves and stems of Cordyceps sinensis are edible, but it is not suitable to pick leaves in the first year of planting, and tender leaves and underground stems can be collected from February to April in the second year. May and June is the peak growing season of Cordyceps sinensis, so it is not suitable for harvest. Tender leaves can be picked from July to September, and underground stems can be picked from September of that year to March and April of the following year.

7. Disease control. Cordyceps sinensis is generally pest-free. The common diseases are white silk disease, root rot, purple spot, leaf spot and so on. In general, diseases are rare in 1 to 2 years, and the above diseases will appear one after another from the third year. The diseased plants should be dug up in time, and the acupoints should be disinfected with pentachloronitrobenzene, and then sprayed in the field with 1 ∶ 1 ∶ 100 Bordeaux solution or 25% trimethoprim 1000-fold solution, or with 50% topiramine and 50% acetaminophen 250-300 times solution.