Site selection, cultivation and seed retention of Asarum

Asarum prefers a cool, moist environment, avoiding bright light and drought. The soil should be loose, fertile and rich in organic matter. So how to select and cultivate Asarum and keep its seeds?

Generally, the seeds are sown at the beginning of July and the seeds are cracked at the beginning of August, and the radicle is exposed in the middle of August. It can reach 4 cm in early September and more than 6 cm in October. The seedlings did not emerge in the same year, and the buds were unearthed after breaking dormancy at a low temperature below 4 ℃ to the next spring when the local temperature rose to about 6 ℃. The peak seedling stage was reached at 8-12 ℃. The growth and development of Asarum is very slow, only two cotyledons grow in the first two years after sowing, one true leaf only grows in the spring of the third year, one true leaf still blooms in the fourth year, or a few of them bloom, and most of them blossom and bear fruit in the fifth and sixth years. The seedlings were unearthed in spring, the aboveground parts were basically shaped in May, and no new branches and leaves grew in the future, even if the stems and leaves were lost due to diseases, insects or injuries. The rhizome dormates in the ground, forms a small bud in autumn, and pulls out smaller leaves after overwintering. Therefore, it is very important to protect the healthy growth of the aboveground parts.

Seeds have dormancy habits, so seeds need to be moisturized and stored after harvest, so that the seed embryos continue to differentiate and develop, and the post-ripening process can be completed after 30-55 days. Seeds avoid dry operation and have a short life span, generally about 30 days.

Asarum seedlings have weak unearthing ability and strict requirements on soil, so humus soil under the forest is mostly selected as seedling field. Humus soil has the advantages of moist, good structure and strong ventilation, which is suitable for the growth of Asarum seedlings. In general, the emergence rate of seedlings raised on humus soil can reach more than 90%. Asarum seedlings should not choose farmland soil, the physical and chemical properties of farmland soil is not as good as humus soil, easy to harden, seedlings are not easy to be unearthed after sowing, easy to dry bud, even if they come out, the growth is not easy to be strong.

The specifications of seedling beds and the requirements for light transmittance are the same as seed fields. Seedling beds should be prepared before seed collection in order to sow seeds in time.

Asarum seeds mature one after another in early June and should be harvested in batches, because different ripening periods have a great impact on the germination rate, when the pericarp is green, the seed germination rate is less than 50%; when the pericarp is white, the seed has been fixed, and its germination rate can reach more than 90%; when the pericarp is cracked, the seed germination rate is the highest, but the pericarp is split, and the seeds are easy to be lost, so it is better to harvest the whitened fruit. When the seeds begin to mature, they should be harvested once a day or every other day. Pile up the seeds for 2 days after harvest, rub out the seeds after the pericarp softens, wash them with water and sow them directly or after ripening. Seeds must not be stored dry. The fresh seeds with more than 90% germination rate were stored in the warehouse after bagging, and the germination rate decreased to about 30% after 20 days; the germination power was lost after 50 days. Feed the forest frog with insects. Virtuous circle, waste utilization, low investment, high benefit, quick effect, the problem of live bait needed by Chinese forest frog. In the production practice, it is found that because many frogs do not pay attention to the production of live bait, forest frogs starve to death from time to time. Even if it does not starve to death, it is because the bait does not affect the growth and development, the growth is slow, the size is uneven. Therefore, the production of live bait, whether there is sufficient bait, the key to the success or failure of raising forest frogs.

In the whole process of life, forest frogs have strict requirements for nutrients, such as protein, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins and inorganic salts. In particular, adult frogs, sensory cells in the retina are sensitive to moving objects, forest frogs cannot eat dead insects, and cannot eat plant food because they cannot secrete fibrase in the stomach and intestines. Therefore, it is necessary to breed a large number of aseptic fly maggots, earthworms, Tenebrio Molitor, tide insects and other insects, and ensure adequate food for forest frogs.