Seedling raising techniques of Ophiopogon japonicus

Ophiopogon japonicus (Ophiopogon japonicus), also known as Ophiopogon japonicus, is a perennial evergreen herb of Liliaceae. The fibrous root is stout, and the top or middle of the root often expands into fusiform fleshy pieces. Put into medicine with root tuber.

Morphological characteristics

Perennial herbs of Liliaceae, growing in clumps, about 30 cm tall. The leaves are thick, slender and dark green, shaped like leeks. The flower stem grows from the clump of leaves, and the flowers are small, lavender and form racemes. The fruit is a berry, round, dark green or dark blue when ripe. The rhizome is short, with many fibrous roots, and the middle or tip of part of the fibrous root often expands into a fusiform fleshy root, that is, the medicinal Ophiopogon japonicus.

Like warm and humid climate. Loam and sandy loam with loose, fertile and well drained soil, over-sand and over-sticky soil are not suitable for the cultivation of Ophiopogon japonicus. Avoid continuous cropping and rotation is required for 3-4 years. The long term of Ophiopogon japonicus is longer, and the dormancy period is shorter. Take root twice a year: the first before July and the second from September to November.

Perennial evergreen herbs. Rhizome short and thick, with slender stolons, membranous scales. The end or middle of the whisker root expands into a spindle-shaped fleshy root. The leaves are dense and linear, slightly firm and curved, 10-50 cm long and 2-4 mm wide, with rough edges and denticulate edges, and the main veins are not raised. Perianth 6, base short, lanceolate, light purple or cyan, small. The flower stalk is very short and the florescence is from July to August. The paddle fruit is spherical and blue, about 4mm in diameter, and the fruit is ripe in November.

Seedling raising techniques of Ophiopogon japonicus

I. seed treatment

The ripe Ophiopogon seeds collected from September to October were washed with clean water. The water tank was filled with 2 portions of boiled water and 1 part of cold water. The water was loaded to the 1x2 of the tank. The washed seeds were poured into the tank, stirred slightly, soaked for 24-48 hours, dried on the cement floor and turned 3-4 times a day. After drying, soak the seeds in 1 part of boiled water and 1 part of cold water for 24 hours and then take out to dry. When the seeds have 70-80% cracks, mix them with 5 times wet sand and store them in ditches. When the seeds mixed with wet sand are filled to 10 cm from the mouth of the ditch, the soil is about 10 cm thick. The seeds stored in sand can be sown in the following spring and March.

Second, nursery site selection

Sandy loam with flat terrain, irrigation and high fertility was selected, and 4000 kg of rotten organic fertilizer and 50 kg of urea were applied per mu. First spread fertilizer on the surface, and then plough and rake flat, according to the length of 30 meters (depending on the terrain), width 1.3 meters of the whole bed to be sown. Pay attention to keeping the working path and drainage ditch when preparing the soil. In the hilly area, it is best to choose the sloping land whose slope is not more than 15 °, and the slope in the mountain area is not more than 25 °, so as to make the nursery land convenient for irrigation, good drainage and good soil quality (pH value 5.66.8).

Third, sowing and seedling stage management

In mid-late March or early April, the seeds accelerated by sand storage were concentrated and sown in the prepared seedbed. Water the seeds before sowing, then spread the seeds evenly on the bed, cover the fine soil 2cm-3cm thick, and finally build an arch shed to cover the film. Sow 40-50 kg per mu. About 30 days after seedling emergence, ventilation and cooling should be made in time, so that the temperature in the greenhouse should not exceed 30 ℃. After the emergence of 4 true leaves, the seedlings were removed for 3-5 days and then transplanted, about 13000 plants per 666.7 square meters. When the seedlings are raised by direct seeding, the seedlings are fixed when the seedlings grow to the 6th true leaf, and the plant spacing is kept at 15-20 cm. Before the beginning of winter, pour frozen water once, and the next year when the seedling is about 70 cm high, it will be planted in the nursery before and after "the Spring Equinox".