Prevention and treatment of three common diseases of Angelica sinensis

I think we are all familiar with Angelica. It is a kind of traditional Chinese medicine commonly used in our country. It has a very good recuperating effect on many aspects of the human body, especially when women eat, tonifying blood and blood, regulating menstruation and relieving pain. but everyone may not know much about its planting, so let's learn about it with the editor.

What is Angelica sinensis?

Angelica, (scientific name: Angelica sinensis,) alias Gan Gui, Qin Na, Xidang Gui, Min Angelica, Jin Angelica, Angelica sinensis, perennial herbs, 0.4-1 m high. The florescence is from June to July and the fruiting period is from July to September. China introduced Danggui from Europe in 1957. It mainly produces southeastern Gansu, with high yield and good quality in Minxian County, followed by Yunnan, Sichuan, Shaanxi, Hubei and other provinces. Some provinces and regions in China have also been introduced and cultivated. Its root can be used in medicine and is one of the most commonly used traditional Chinese medicines. It has the effects of tonifying blood and blood, regulating menstruation and relieving pain, moistening dryness and smooth intestines, anti-cancer, anti-aging and immunity.

Morphological characteristics of Angelica sinensis

Herbs perennial, 0.4-1 m tall. Roots Terete, branched, with most fleshy fibrous roots, yellowish brown, with strong aroma. Stem erect, green-white or purplish, deeply grooved, smooth glabrous. Leaves Ternate bipinnately divided, petiole 3-11 cm long, base inflated into tubular membranous sheath, purple or green, basal leaves and lower stem leaves outline ovate, 8-18 cm long, 15-20 cm wide, 3 pairs of leaflets, 1 pair of petiolules 0.5-1.5 cm long, 1 pair sessile near top, ultimate segments ovate or ovate-lanceolate, 1-2 cm long and 5-15 mm wide 2-3-lobed, with notched serrated edges and pointed teeth The lower surface and margin of the leaves are sparsely papillary white hairy; the upper leaves of the stem are simplified into saccate sheaths and pinnately divided leaves. Flowers of Angelica sinensis compound umbels, peduncles 4-7 cm long, densely pilose; rays 9-30; involucral bracts 2, linear, or absent; umbellules with flowers 13-36; involucral bracts 2-4, linear; flowers white, petiole densely pilose; calyx teeth 5, ovate; petals long-ovate, apex narrowly pointed, inflexed; style short, style base conical. The florescence is 6-7 months. Angelica fruit oval to ovate, 4-6 mm long, 3-4 mm wide, dorsal ribs linear, raised, lateral ribs into broad and thin wings, as wide or slightly wide as fruit body, wing margin lavender, tubing 1 in furrow, tubing 2 on commissure. The fruit period is from July to September.

Three common diseases of Angelica sinensis

1. Angelica root rot

1. Symptoms. The aboveground leaves turned brown to withered yellow, became soft and drooping, and the roots were brown at first, then rotted into black water immersion, and finally the whole plant died.

2. The regularity of the disease. The pathogen overwinters in soil or on Angelica sinensis seedlings. The disease began in early May, and the harm was serious in June until the harvest.

3. Prevention and control measures.

① chooses sandy soil with good drainage and strong permeability as cultivation land. Planting in high ridges, avoid continuous cropping.

② soil disinfection. Before transplanting, 200 times 65% mancozeb was sprayed evenly per mu.

③ selected robust disease-free seedlings for transplanting. Before transplanting, soak in Bordeaux solution of 1-1-15% Bordeaux for 10-15 minutes, then dry and plant. Or when raising seedlings, mix seeds with carbendazim and topiramate according to 0.3% of seed weight.

④ pulled out the diseased plant in time and burned it centrally. Apply a pinch of lime powder in the disease point, and spray the disease area with 50% trimethoprim 600-1000 times or 50% topiramate 800-1000 times to prevent spread.

Danggui Makou disease

1. Symptoms. Mainly occurs in the root, after the disease, the root epidermis appears yellowish brown longitudinal crack, the formation of numerous injury spots, the internal tissue is spongy, Lignification.

2. Etiology. The main cause of the disease is Fusarium oxysporum, which is caused by the invasion of the wound or the oral body of animals. Underground pests, wounds formed by man-made and mechanical trauma are conducive to the infection of pathogens, and underground pests carry pathogens to participate in the harm, which leads to the serious occurrence of the disease.

3. Prevention and control measures.

① should be planted in black soil or plots with few underground pests.

② 50% phoxim emulsion 0.5kg per mu, add 2.5kg water, spray on 15kg fine soil, spread, turn into the soil, rake flat.

③ reasonable rotation, deep ploughing, generally with wheat, beans, potatoes, flax, rape rotation, can not rotate the soil must be deep ploughing about 20 centimeters.

④ minimizes the root trauma of Angelica sinensis in seedling raising, seedling emergence and cultivation management, so as to avoid microbial invasion.

⑤ regularly irrigates roots with broad-spectrum long-acting insecticidal and bacterial agents, with 250g carbendazim gel suspension per mu or 600g topiramate plus 150kg water, 50g diluent per plant, once in early May and mid-June respectively.

Third, Angelica rust

1. Symptoms. Harm the leaves of Angelica sinensis. Summer spores scattered or grouped on abaxial surface of leaves, bare, brown. Teliospores stacked leaves on both sides, bare, black.

2. The regularity of the disease. The pathogen overwintered on the diseased branches, leaves and roots. Infect the newly extracted leaves in the coming year. Summer spores are transmitted by wind, rain and seedlings, and can be repeatedly infected. Under the condition of temperature 18 ℃-22 ℃ and relative humidity 75% Mel 80%, it spreads rapidly.

3. Prevention and control measures.

After ① harvest, the residual plants and diseased leaves were cleaned up and burned to reduce the source of overwintering bacteria.

After digging up the diseased plants, ② sprayed Bordeaux solution with 1 Bordeaux and 200 Bordeaux every 7-10 days for 2-3 times.

In the early stage of ③, Baumei 0.2 degree stone-sulfur mixture was sprayed. Once every 7 days, 2-3 times in a row.

New planting techniques of Angelica sinensis

The production cycle of Angelica sinensis is generally 3 years. In the first year, seeds are used to raise seedlings; in the second year, angelica seedlings are cultivated, and drugs can be dug in the same year; in the third year, they blossom and bear fruit and produce seeds. Therefore, some of the seeds were reserved for Angelica sinensis seedlings next year when digging medicine in the second year.

The main results are as follows: 1. The warm, slightly acidic, well-drained, fertile, loose and reddish sandy loam is not suitable for growing on the black soil with high water content. When selecting land, wheat is the best, beans, potatoes and other stubble take the second place, but do not continuous cropping.

2. The selected seedlings with large head and harmless head, symmetrical and long, unlignified and tender, and white tail cortex are excellent seedlings.

3. 3000 kg / mu of farm manure, 36 kg / mu of phosphoric acid, 16 kg / mu of urea and 50 kg / mu of phosphate fertilizer were used as base fertilizer. The cake after being pressed with oil can be given to others with ploughing in the autumn of the year before cultivation.

4. Before planting, make the ploughed land peaceful and break the clods. When planting, dig the planting hole with a spade, the row spacing is 25cm X 30cm, bury the soil and compact it with your hands, and then cover the soil. The soil cover should not be too deep. It is better to submerge the seedlings by 5 cm. After covering the soil, pat the soil with a small shovel.

5. After 20 days of seedling emergence, weeding was carried out. In the seedling stage, weeds can be weeded for 3 or 5 times. After entering the fast-growing period, it also loosens the soil and weeds. When weeding for the second time, 4 kg / mu of urea can be applied with weeding. In mid-June, 8 kg / mu of urea or nitrate mirror was applied during moderate rain. From late June to early July, root fertilization can be carried out, about 8 cm from the area around Angelica seedlings, dig a ditch 5 cm deep with a small shovel, apply a mixture of phosphate plating (12 kg / mu) and urea (6 kg / mu), and then cover it with soil. In July, foliar fertilization can be carried out and dioxin phosphate, gibberellin and auxin can be sprayed. After the Beginning of Autumn, 8 kg / mu of urea was applied when it rained moderately. 300ml of PP333 can be sprayed in late July. The common diseases are powdery mildew, and the main insect pests are flies.

In the process of planting Angelica sinensis, what we fear most is the attack of insect pests. In fact, this is not only the case in any planting industry of Angelica sinensis, but also very important in the prevention and treatment of diseases. Only by mastering certain prevention methods and treatment can we greatly improve the products or make more profits.