Scientific planting technique of Radix Paeoniae Alba

I think many people are very familiar with Radix Paeoniae Alba. It is a common and commonly used traditional Chinese medicine in our country. The culture of traditional Chinese medicine in China has lasted for hundreds of years or even thousands of years. The culture of traditional Chinese medicine has long been deeply rooted in the hearts of our people.

What is Paeonia lactiflora

Radix Paeoniae Alba is a perennial herbaceous vine; the root is cylindrical, gray-black, about 8 mm in diameter; the stem is covered with two rows of hairs. Leaves opposite, membranous, ovate-lanceolate, 7-10 cm long, base 4-8 cm wide, tip long acuminate, base deeply auriculate-cordate, auricles rounded, pendulous, pilose on both surfaces. Umbels axillary with more than 20 flowers; calyx outside puberulent, with 5 glands on the inner surface of the base; Corolla white, lobes oblong, inner puberulent; corona cup-shaped, slightly longer than gynostegium, with 1 denticulate in the middle of lobes, or pleated or absent; pollen block 1 per locule, pendulous; stigma tip slightly 2-lobed. Follicles twin or only 1 developed, short lanceolate, ca. 8 cm long, 1 cm in diameter, acuminate toward end, base narrower, exocarp straight striped; seeds ovate, 6 mm long, 3 mm wide; seed hairs white sericeous, 3 cm long. The florescence is from June to October and the fruiting period is from August to November.

1. Land selection and preparation

Select the land with loose soil, fertile soil, deep soil layer, high dryness and good drainage for planting. Fine soil preparation, ploughing 1 to 2 times, 45 cm deep. Combined with land preparation, 2500-4000 kg of farm manure, 50 kg of phosphate fertilizer and 0.5 kg of phoxim are applied per 667 square meters (to control underground pests). Rake fine and flat, and make a turtle-shaped high border with a width of 130cm to 230cm.

2. Methods of reproduction

Paeonia lactiflora has more branch roots, so cut off the thick roots of chopsticks and pencils for medicinal use during harvest, and leave all the roots as thick as chopsticks and pencils. According to the natural distribution of buds and roots, they are cut into 2 to 4 branches, each with 2 full thick buds, and the overlong roots and lateral roots are cut off for seedlings. When pruning peony in the field in September and October, the roots and buds suitable for seedlings can also be cut off and planted. The seed roots taken during harvest usually take 3 to 4 months to be planted and must be stored. In a dry, cool and ventilated room, spread a layer of 8~i0 cm thick moist fine soil, pile the peony root on it, 15 cm to 20 cm thick, the bud of the peony root should face up, and cover 12 cm thick moist fine soil. During storage, it should be checked frequently, such as drying should be sprinkled properly, but should not be too much, in order not to dry the soil as the principle, too much water is easy to mildew, storage period every 15 to 20 days inspection, if found moldy should turn the pile in time, pick out the moldy peony root.

3. Planting

Before planting, the roots of peony buds are divided into two categories according to their size, and they are planted separately for future management. Planting time is generally around Cold Dew, the earlier the better, the latest can not exceed Frosts Descent, such as too late, on the one hand, because the stored peony buds have new roots, easy to break when planting; on the other hand, the temperature is getting lower after planting. The root is not good, which affects the germination and growth of the following year. Planting row spacing jo~60 cm, plant spacing 40 cm, 2500-2800 plants per 667m2. Use the peony head species, open the shallow flat acupoint. Each hole planted 2 peony heads, 4 cm apart, cut down, side by side into the hole, covered with soil 8 cm 10 cm. Plant with the root of Paeonia lactiflora and open it into a cave wall with a hoe. ~ 45. A hole about 20 centimeters deep. Plant two roots in each hole. When planting, head to south, root to north, buds and border surface flat, planted on the slope, so that the two seedlings into a figure of eight, with a small amount of soil fixed peony root, and then above the root tail application of manure and cake fertilizer, calcium superphosphate, and then covered with soil. The operation of covering soil should be meticulous, and the soil should be finely crushed. Cannot be covered with soil clods; the bud heads covered with soil can not be closely combined with the soil, and the bud heads are vulnerable to drought and freezing, which will delay germination or even not germinate.

Field management of Radix Paeoniae Alba

1. Ploughing and weeding

Paeonia lactiflora is most afraid of grass shortage, especially in the second year after planting, because of the wide spacing between plants, there are not many seedlings from each plant, and weeds are easy to breed. If it is not weeded in time, it will hinder the growth of peony. Therefore, when the seedlings sprouted and unearthed after planting, they should be ploughed and weeded, and then carried out about once a month to meet the requirements of loose soil and no grass. Each time, only 3cm of topsoil can be loosened to avoid root damage, and be careful not to break the buds. If they are broken, they will no longer germinate and affect their growth.

2. Topdressing

After peony is planted in that year, there is no need to top fertilizer. Topdressing 4 times in the second year. After weeding in March for the first time, 15002000 kg of human feces and urine were applied per 667m2, the second and third times were in May and July, 1500 kg of human fecal urine and 25 kg of vegetable cake fertilizer were applied every 667m2, and the fourth time was from November to December. 15002000 kg of human feces and urine per 667m2. Topdressing 3 times in the third year, calcium superphosphate can be used for extra-root topdressing. In the spring of the fourth year, topdressing can be applied twice according to the growth of peony, and each topdressing should be applied in a hole or ring-shaped shallow ditch next to the plant, and cover the soil after application to avoid fertilizer loss.

3. Irrigation and drainage

Peony is more resistant to drought, but if it is too dry for a long time, it is disadvantageous to growth, so it still needs irrigation during drought, and peony is afraid of stagnant water, which often causes diseases due to stagnant water, so more attention should be paid to drainage.

4. Picking buds

When the buds appear in the middle of April, pick all the buds on a sunny day in order to concentrate nutrients, promote root growth, and improve yield and quality. It is not too late to pick buds.

5. Pruning

In order to improve the quality of self-peony and promote the growth of main root, pruning is generally carried out in September and October on the eve of autumn harvest and winter planting. The method is to loosen the soil of the plant, expose most of the main root, and cut off the root on the upper side of the main root with a knife or scissors; if it is found that part of the main root is rotten, all the rotten part should be cut off with a knife, and the scar will heal. The fine roots that can be cut off can be cut off as seedlings according to the situation, for example, those that can not be used as seedlings for the time being can be left as seedlings, which can be used as seedlings when they grow up a little in the coming year, and all the excess can be cut off to concentrate nutrients to promote the growth of the main root. the bottom root of the soil under the main root should absorb nutrients and cannot be cut off, and then cover the soil to apply fertilizer. This work is very important to improve the quality of Radix Paeoniae Alba and cultivate strong seedlings.

What are the functions of Paeonia lactiflora

1. The effect on cardiovascular system. Dilate the coronary artery and lower blood pressure.

2. Hepatoprotective effect. It has obvious protective effect on liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride, aflatoxin B1 and D-galactosamine.

3. Antispasmodic effect. It has an inhibitory effect on intestinal and gastric motility and significantly antagonizes oxytocin-induced uterine contraction.

4. Analgesic effect. It can inhibit writhing, hissing and hot plate reaction in mice, has a synergistic effect on morphine inhibiting writhing reaction, and can antagonize convulsion caused by pentylenetetrazol.

5. Enhance the tolerance to hypoxia, antioxidation and anti-fatigue. Total glucosides of Cortex moutan and total glucosides of Paeonia lactiflora have scavenging effect on oxygen free radicals, indicating that the components of Paeonia lactiflora have antioxidant effect.

Radix Paeoniae Alba is rich in paeoniflorin, which can prevent stress ulcer and has significant anti-inflammatory effects. It can also resist liver injury, and the effect of Radix Paeoniae Alba can protect the liver tissue of the human body, so it can be said that it is a natural product for nourishing and protecting the liver. And it can improve human immunity, is a very wide range of uses of herbs.

Analysis on the present situation of Radix Paeoniae Alba Market and its planting Prospect in the Future

I. inestimable stealth inventory

Speaking of Radix Paeoniae Alba, the first thing that comes to mind is how much is its invisible inventory. Because white peony is easy to grow and easy to store, as early as in the period of planned economy, the government advocated planting peony on a large scale throughout the country. Up to now, some drugmakers still have some low-cost inventory of that year. No one can give the exact data on how much stock there is.

Second, continuous reduction of production at low prices

Radix Paeoniae Alba is a 3-4-year-old variety with a unit yield of 400-500 kg per mu. In 2003, the price of Radix Paeoniae Alba fell to the bottom, the market appeared "bad market", only 2-3 yuan per kilogram, the price fell below the cost. "Medicine is cheap to hurt farmers" Radix Paeoniae Alba has been excavated in large quantities, and the planting area has been reduced. In 2005, with the improvement of the market of Radix Paeoniae Alba, prices rose, farmers' enthusiasm for planting was stimulated, and the planting area was slightly expanded. After four years of low prices, Radix Paeoniae Alba was increased by seed expansion in 2005, with a yield of about 10000 tons, but then the output fell again to 6000 tons in 2011.

Third, the influence of human factors

As a large variety of medicinal materials, Radix Paeoniae Alba has a large annual demand, a long growth cycle, and the price remains low all the year round. Coupled with the characteristics of concentrated origin and easy to grasp, Radix Paeoniae Alba is always sought after by hot money speculation, which leads to the market of Radix Paeoniae Alba is full of variables.

Fourth, the planting cost is high and the enthusiasm of farmers is not high.

The current market price of Radix Paeoniae Alba, for its planted seedlings (2500 / mu) and sprouts (700,800 yuan), plus labor, time management, fertilizer input and other expenses, the total cost is about 2000 yuan in four years, and the yield per mu is about 400,500kg. Excluding the cost, the average annual income of farmers is about 1,000, which is very difficult for farmers to maintain their enthusiasm.

There are many effects and functions of Radix Paeoniae Alba, so there is a great demand for Radix Paeoniae Alba in our country, but growers should not blindly follow the trend. Before planting, we should first understand the market situation and the state of the market of Radix Paeoniae Alba, so as to avoid unnecessary economic losses caused by blindly following the trend.