Varieties and remaining species of Angelica sinensis

Angelica, (scientific name: Angelica sinensis,) alias Gan Gui, Qin Na, Xidang Gui, Min Angelica, Jin Angelica, Angelica sinensis, perennial herbs, 0.4-1 m high. The florescence is from June to July and the fruiting period is from July to September. China introduced Danggui from Europe in 1957. It mainly produces southeastern Gansu, with high yield and good quality in Minxian County, followed by Yunnan, Sichuan, Shaanxi, Hubei and other provinces. Some provinces and regions in China have also been introduced and cultivated. Its root can be used in medicine and is one of the most commonly used traditional Chinese medicines. It has the effects of tonifying blood and blood, regulating menstruation and relieving pain, moistening dryness and smooth intestines, anti-cancer, anti-aging and immunity.

The root of Angelica sinensis is slightly cylindrical, the end of the root is called "Guitou", and the main root is called "Gui Shen" or "inch body". The branch root is called "Gui Wei" or "Gui leg", and the whole is called "Quan Gui". Full-length 15~25cm, fine bark, yellowish brown to dark brown, longitudinal wrinkles and transverse lenticels; distal root dilated, diameter 1.5~4cm, obtuse circle, residual leaf sheath and stem base; main root thick and short. Long l~3cm, l.5~3cm in diameter, with 3 or more branches in the lower part, thick at the top and thin at the bottom, twisted, with a few fibrous root scars. The skin is thick, with brown oil spots, the cambium is yellowish brown annular, the wood is lighter, and there is usually pulp and cavity in the center of the cross section of the rhizome. There is a strong aroma, sweet, bitter, slightly bitter.

Angelica products are mainly divided into Qin Gui and Yungui according to their place of origin.

Qin Gui: also known as Xigui, it is mainly produced in the north and south of the eastern branch of Minshan Mountains in southern Gansu. In the past, Lanzhou was mainly produced in Minxian, Dangchang and Zhangxian in the north, and Xi'an was called "West return" or "back Mountain return" as a distribution center. Wang was also produced in Wudu and Wen County in the south and transported to Chongqing in Sichuan and called "Chuangui" or "Qianshan Gui". Now there is no such distinction, collectively referred to as "Qin return" or "West return". Qin Gui middle quality products ("Houshan Gui" or "Houshan goods") have a large and long head. The legs are thick and solid, flesh color is pink and white, skin color is yellow and brown, and the skin is thin. Ganxin is the top grade, while "Qianshan goods" has a thick and short head, many and long fibrous roots, soft texture and black skin. rough surface dermatoglyphics, meat color yellow, oil moistening sample ("oil return" more), ignorance is more bitter, and withered branches are more.

Yungui: it refers to Angelica sinensis, which is mainly produced in western Yunnan, and its characters are mostly characterized by thick, short head and short legs (Yungui has only two kinds of goods: Gui Tou and Gui Wei, but no return). The body is also full and heavy, the appearance is rough, the surface is yellow and brown, the inner color is yellow and white, and there is also powder. the taste is hard and spicy, sweet and ignorant. Lijiang, Yunnan Province, has the reputation of "Jade Angelica".

In addition, Sichuan, Hubei, Shaanxi and other miscellaneous road producing areas are multi-texture cavitation, powder and sweet taste, the taste is often bitter and bitter.

Angelica commodity is often divided into three kinds: Radix angelicae Sinensis, Radix angelicae sinensis, Angelica sinensis, Radix angelicae sinensis. There are three kinds of skin in Xigui head: original skin, mild skin collision and skin collision, and the skin colors are yellow-brown, yellow-white and pink-white respectively. There is no residual leaf sheath in those who bump skin, and the shape of Yungui head is short and strong. In the end, the legs are slender and long, while the clouds return to the bladder (those with thick legs) are thicker and shorter.

The seed of Angelica sinensis

Select disease-free plants or fields, do not dig in the autumn of that year, and carry out normal field management after emergence in the next year. 30-40 days after bolting, that is, seeds are collected when the seeds change from red to pink around the middle of August. Due to inconsistent seed maturity, it can be harvested in batches. Harvest together with the fruit stalks, tie them into small handfuls, put them in a cool place to dry and thresh, and store them in a ventilated and dry place. Avoid heat and moisture.

Seedling transplanting requires the use of moderately mature seeds from flowering in the third year. A plant has many lateral buds in addition to the main buds. Both main buds and lateral buds can bolt, blossom and bear fruit. Flower branches and seeds can also grow in the armpits of the main stem. Due to the different growth time of each flower branch, the flowering time and seed maturity are first and later. Therefore, when collecting seeds, we must often go to the field for observation. Looking down from the top of the flower stem, we can see that the first ear is pink, the second ear is light red, and the third ear is light yellow, which needs to be harvested (usually in the first and middle of August). Overmature seeds, seedling transplanting, will bolting early, so it is best in the seed medium well, fold off the ear, insert in water or wet soil, or rolled in Artemisia annua, after 12 to 48 hours, see white has completed the post-ripening effect. Tie the harvested ear into small handfuls, hang the stalk with branches in a smokeless, dry and ventilated place, make it fully dry (water content less than 8%), then remove impurities, seal and store in a dry and cool place. Avoid exposure, baking and rain.

Direct seeding cultivation must select biennial seeds with high maturity and full grains. Direct seeding with such seeds will result in early emergence, vigorous seedling growth and rapid growth, which is an important factor to obtain high yield. However, such seeds are only suitable for direct seeding and cannot be used for seedling breeding.