Symptoms and control of bacterial blight of lentil

Lentil, Lablab purpureus (Linn.) Sweet, general name lentil, alias falx lentil, rattan bean, along the hedge bean, magpie bean, chabou, moon vegetable, dicotyledonous plant class. There are also many kinds, such as white lentils, purple lentils, oil beans, snake beans, pig ear beans (shaped like pig ears). It is a perennial, twining vine of the genus Lentil of Leguminosae. It's a legume plant.

The plant shape of lentils

Annual twining herbs. Leaflets 3, terminal leaflet rhomboid-broadly ovate, lateral leaflets obliquely rhomboid-broadly ovate,-10 cm long, 4.5 Mel 10.5 cm wide, apex mucronate or acuminate, base broadly cuneate or subtruncate, white pubescent on both surfaces along leaf veins. Racemes axillary; 4 flowers clustered on nodes of inflorescence axis; upper 2 teeth nearly completely connate, the other 3 teeth nearly equal; Corolla white or purplish red, with 2 appendages on both sides of flag petals; ovary sericeous, basal glands, style white bearded near tip. Pods flat, falcate or semi-elliptic, 5 mi 7 cm long; seeds 3 mi 5, flat, oblong, white or purplish black. Flowering and fruiting period from July to September.

Growth habits of lentils

Perennial, winding Fujimoto. The whole plant is almost glabrous, the stem can be up to 6 meters long, often lavender. Pinnately compound leaves 3-foliolate; stipules basifixed, lanceolate; stipules linear, 3-4 mm long; leaflets broadly triangular-ovate, 6-10 cm long, ca. as wide as long, lateral leaflets unequal on both sides, oblique, apex acute or acuminate, base subtruncate. The suitable germination temperature of seeds is 22-23 ℃. The plant can withstand high temperature of about 35 ℃, strong root system, strong drought tolerance, good adaptability to all kinds of soil, and can significantly increase yield in well-drained and fertile sandy soil or loam. Annual herb with trailing stems, leaflets lanceolate, white or purple flowers, long elliptic pods, flattened, slightly curved. The seeds are white or purplish black. Like warm and moist, heat-resistant. Usually sow in spring and harvest in autumn. Young pods are common vegetables, and seeds can be used as medicine.

Symptoms of bacterial blight of lentils:

Green oily spots are produced at the edge of the leaves, and then develop into reddish brown, surrounded by yellow halos. With the development of the disease, the disease spots are continuous. The long sunken reddish-brown spot occurs after the stem vine is infected. When the disease is serious, the disease spot revolves around the stem for a week, and the upper leaves of the disease spot wither. After the pod is infected, it produces slightly sunken round or irregular brown spots. When it is wet, there is a colorless and transparent bacterial pus in the disease. Pathogenic bacteria can survive the winter in seeds and adhere to the seed coat, spread by wind, rain and insects, and invade from parasitic stomata, water pores and insect mouths. The disease was serious when there were high temperature and humidity, leaf dew, fog, improper field management, poor drainage, insufficient fertility, partial application of nitrogen fertilizer, weak plant growth and serious disease.

Prevention and control of bacterial blight of lentils:

① seed disinfection: select disease-free seeds, seed disinfection should be carried out when you are not sure whether the seeds carry bacteria. The seeds can be soaked in 55 ℃ warm water for 15 minutes, then removed and cooled in cold water, dried and sowed. The seeds can also be soaked in 500 times solution of streptomycin sulfate for 12 hours.

② agricultural measures: strengthen cultivation management, reasonable close planting, increase plant ventilation and transmittance, avoid stagnant water in the field, do not flood irrigation.

③ medicament prevention and cure: at the initial stage of the disease, spray control agents such as 14% ammonia copper solution, or 72% agricultural streptomycin sulfate soluble powder 3000 times, or 78% wave manganese zinc wettable powder 500x, or 40% bacterial fast wettable powder 600x, or 50% carbendazim soluble powder 1200 times, or 60% copper ethyl aluminum zinc wettable powder 500x, or antibacterial agent "401800x", etc., once every 7 days. Spray 2 times in a row for 3 times.