Causes and control of abnormal fruit of zucchini

Zucchini, a kind of pumpkin, is grown in Shandong, Shanxi, Henan, Hebei and other places. Alias eggplant melon, bear (male) melon, white melon, melon, papaya, horn melon, Xungua and so on. It is native to India and has been planted in the south and north of China. Zucchini has the effects of clearing heat and diuresis, eliminating annoyance and relieving thirst, moistening the lungs and relieving cough, reducing swelling and dispersing knots and so on.

Morphological characteristics of zucchini

Zucchini is an annual trailing herb, with three major strains of dwarf, semi-trailing and trailing. The advantage of main vine is obvious in most varieties, and the lateral vine is few and weak. Stem stout, Terete, with white short bristles. The stem has furrows, short bristles and translucent rough hairs.

Leaf

Petiole stout, shortly setose, 6-9 cm long. Leaf blade stiff, erect, triangular or ovate-triangular, apex acute, margin irregularly acute, base cordate, curved semicircular, 0.5-1 cm deep, 3-4 cm wide, dark green above, lighter color below, veins slightly raised abaxially, hispid on both surfaces. Tendrils slightly stout, pilose, variegated.

Flowers

Monoecious. Male flowers solitary; pedicels stout, angular, 3-6 cm long, covered with yellowish brown short bristles; calyx tube conspicuously 5-angled, calyx lobes linear-lanceolate; Corolla yellow, often attenuate to base, 5 cm long, 3 cm in diameter, divided to near middle, lobes erect or slightly extended, apex acute; stamens 3, filaments 15 mm long, anthers conniving, 10 mm long.

Zucchini abnormal fruit not only affects the overall beauty of zucchini, but also causes the decline of zucchini planting efficiency, so farmers must pay attention to zucchini malformed fruit farmers. Below we will introduce the reasons for the formation of zucchini abnormal fruit and how to prevent and cure it.

Zucchini produce abnormal fruit for the following reasons:

1. Due to the lack of water and fertilizer, it is easy to form pointed melon in the initial stage, thin waist melon in the middle stage and slender crooked melon in the later stage. But in the middle stage, the fat and water is too strong and it is easy to form a belly melon.

two。 Poor pollination, uneven distribution of pollen, so that the part of insufficient pollination is sunken.

3. Too high or too low temperature will affect the photosynthetic efficiency, make the production of insufficient nutrition and inhibit the development of fruit.

4. Their own female flowers are defective or bisexual flowers form fruit, resulting in deformities.

Prevention and treatment of abnormal fruit of zucchini:

In order to promote the early-maturing zucchini to bear more high-quality fruits, in the cultivation measures, it is necessary to create a good ecological environment and improve management techniques.

1. Meet the requirements of fertilizer and water. Zucchini need more fertilizer, stronger fertilizer absorption, more drought tolerance, but the fruit expansion period needs more water, it is necessary to keep the soil moist. Therefore, first, it is necessary to apply sufficient base fertilizer, second, nitrogen and potassium should be combined with timely topdressing, and each batch of melons should be topdressing once after harvest. In the base fertilizer, 5000 kg of high-quality farm manure, 300kg of cake fertilizer, 100kg of phosphate fertilizer and 50kg of potassium fertilizer were applied per mu, and zinc fertilizer and magnesium fertilizer were applied appropriately. The field moisture is mainly controlled by dry control in the early stage, and the moisture management should be maintained in the fruiting period.

two。 Pay attention to the regulation of temperature. The method of plastic film greenhouse and small greenhouse is often used to increase temperature and heat preservation in early maturing cultivation. The suitable temperature range of zucchini is 15 murine 38 ℃, the optimum temperature range of growth and development is 18 Murray 25 ℃, the suitable soil temperature is 12 Murray 35 ℃, and the suitable soil temperature is 15 Mel 25 ℃. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the time of uncovering the film according to the climate change, especially to carry out temperature change management according to its temperature requirements, which is more conducive to the accumulation of nutrients and reduce consumption.

3. To carry out artificial pollination. Male flowers are blooming at 8 am-10:00 every morning. Male flowers should be picked, Corolla removed and anthers gently placed on the stigma of female flowers. One male flower can give 3 female flowers, and pollination effect is better when the air humidity is high. Pollination should be evenly pollinated and put into practice. In order to protect the fruit, you can also cooperate with hormone treatment, you can use 20 murmur30 mg / liter 2mai 4mae D in the morning of flowering with a brush dipped in liquid on the pedicel or ovary, but be careful not to let the liquid sprinkle on the stems and leaves to prevent drug damage; you can also use 40 murmur50 mg / liter tomato spirit sprayed on the female flower stigma.