How to avoid radish hollowness

Radish: (Lu ó bo) (Raphanus sativus L.) Also known as Laiqi, belongs to the plant kingdom, Cruciferae, radish. Annual or biennial herbs. The root is fleshy, oblong, spherical or conical, and the root bark is red, green, white, pink or purple. Stem erect, stout, Terete, hollow, branched from base. Usually large head pinnatifid, hirsute, lateral lobes 1-3 pairs, margin serrate or notched; stem gradually smaller upward, undivided or slightly divided, not clasping. Racemes, terminal and axillary. The flowers are light pink or white. Siliques, indehiscent, subconical, straight or slightly curved, constricted into beads between seeds, apex long beak, beak 2.5 cm long, fruit wall spongy. Seeds 1-6, reddish brown, round, finely reticulate. Originated in China, there are many varieties, such as carrots, green radish, white radish, water radish and heart beauty, etc. Seeds, fresh roots and leaves can be used as medicine to eliminate qi accumulation. Raw radish contains amylase, which can aid digestion. The part we eat is the root.

The species of radish can be classified according to root shape, root color, use, growth period and cultivation. For example, according to the root shape can be divided into long, round, flat, oval, spindle, cone and other shapes; according to the skin color can be divided into red, green, white, purple and other colors; according to the use can be divided into vegetables, fruits and processing pickling and other categories; according to the length of the growing period can be divided into precocious, middle and late ripening categories; cultivation is generally divided into winter radish, spring radish, summer and autumn radish and four seasons radish according to harvest season.

Radish hollowness has seriously affected the radish production efficiency and brought huge losses to farmers, so radish hollowness must be paid great attention to, so how to avoid radish hollowness?

The reason for the hollowness of radish

1. Radish hollow and variety-related radish can be divided into three varieties: large, small, medium and small. Large varieties are deep in the soil, the flesh quality is relatively loose, and the expansion rate of fleshy roots is faster, and when it is larger than the growth rate of leaves, it is easy to hollow; small and medium-sized varieties, the soil is shallow, the meat quality is more dense, the growth rate of fleshy roots is slower, and the growth of roots and leaves is more balanced and not easy to be hollow.

2. The hollowness of radish is related to the sowing date, and the suitable sowing time should be chosen to make the radish grow normally in the environment with high day temperature, low night temperature and large temperature difference between day and night, and it is not easy to cause hollow; on the contrary, the sowing time is too early or too late, it is easy to cause hollow.

3. Radish hollow is related to planting density, the planting is too thin, the nutrient is sufficient, the fleshy root expands too fast, the root and leaf growth is not balanced, the nutrition produced above ground can not meet the nutrients needed for underground fleshy root expansion, so it is easy to be hollow and should be closely planted properly.

4. The hollow radish is related to fertilization, the correct application of fertilizer to keep the balance between aboveground and underground growth is the key to obtain high quality and high yield of radish. Fertilization is unreasonable, especially late topdressing or excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer, so that the growth of leaves is too exuberant and hollow easily.

5. Radish hollowness and water management. Radish needs for water are also different at different growth stages, so water should be controlled reasonably. Never get wet or dry for a long time. Especially in the peak period of fleshy root growth, the lack of water in the soil not only makes the fibrous root increase, the texture is rough, but also easy to hollow.

6. The radish hollow is related to the harvest time, and the yield is too low; if it is too late, it is easy to cause hollow. In addition, if it is placed for a long time after harvest, it is also easy to be hollow.

Prevention and treatment of hollow radish

1. Relatively speaking, small and medium-sized varieties with fine meat quality are not easy to be hollow.

2. Sowing at the right time, reasonable close planting, suitable sowing time, reasonable close planting, preventing too thin or too dense, so as to achieve the goal of high quality and high yield.

3. Rational fertilization of radish should be based on base fertilizer, supplemented by topdressing, and pay attention to the cooperation of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to achieve rational fertilization and scientific fertilization. Small and medium-sized varieties with short growth period can be less topdressing if the base fertilizer is sufficient; large varieties with long growth period have long growth period, high yield and large amount of fertilizer, in addition to applying sufficient base fertilizer, they also need to be topdressing by stages. In the early stage of taproot growth, light topdressing should be applied to promote the growth of leaves and roots, and heavy topdressing should be applied at the beginning of fleshy root expansion.

4. When controlling water sowing, water should be sufficient to achieve rapid root growth and neat seedling emergence; less watering can be done from seedling stage to succulent root expansion, reaching straight root deep into the soil layer; during the vigorous growth period of leaves, appropriate watering should be required to ensure the growth of leaves; during the peak period of fleshy root expansion, the water supply should be adequate, wet when dry or not drenched for a long time, and the soil moisture should be kept at 70% 80% to prevent hollow.

5. Chemical control in the later stage of its growth, spraying 10 mg / kg naphthylacetic acid solution at intervals of half a month can delay ripening.