High-yield cultivation and management techniques of bean sprouts in greenhouse

Bean sprouts, also known as sprouts, are edible "sprouts" cultivated from the seeds of all kinds of cereals, beans and trees, also known as "live vegetables". Common sprouts are: Toona sinensis sprouts, buckwheat sprouts, alfalfa sprouts, prickly ash sprouts, green black bean sprouts, Acacia bean sprouts, sunflower sprouts, radish sprouts, Longxu bean sprouts, peanut sprouts, broad bean sprouts and more than 30 varieties. Rich in variety and comprehensive in nutrition, it is a common vegetable.

Medicinal value of bean sprouts

Japanese scientists have found that in the process of mung bean germination, part of the protein can be broken down into amino acids, thus increasing the original amino acid content. It also contains cellulose, if fried with leeks or cold, for the elderly and young children with constipation, both safe and effective. Eating mung bean sprouts can treat night blindness caused by lack of vitamin A, glossore stomatitis and scrotitis caused by lack of vitamin B2, scurvy caused by lack of vitamin C, etc. It is best to add vinegar when cooking mung bean sprouts, so that the protein can be solidified as soon as possible, which can not only keep the bean sprouts firm and beautiful, but also preserve nutrition; at the same time, stir-fry quickly in a hot pot to avoid excessive damage to vitamin C.

Nutritional value of bean sprouts

⒈ bean sprouts are rich in vitamin C, which can treat scurvy.

⒉ also has the effect of clearing cholesterol and fat accumulation in blood vessel wall and preventing cardiovascular disease.

⒊ mung bean sprouts also contain riboflavin, which is suitable for people with oral ulcers.

⒋ is also rich in dietary fiber, is a healthy vegetable for patients with constipation, and has the effect of preventing digestive tract cancer (esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, rectal cancer).

⒌ bean sprouts are low in calories and high in moisture and cellulose. Often eating bean sprouts can achieve the goal of losing weight.

High-yield cultivation and management techniques of bean sprouts in greenhouse

Greenhouse construction

The greenhouse should be built with sufficient light, flat terrain, shelter from the wind and the sun, and good water conditions. Generally use string type or single bevel plastic greenhouse. The shed is 2.0 to 2.5 meters high and 7 meters wide, with an area of about 300 square meters.

Cultivation border finishing

The cultivated border is made into a small north-south border with a width of about 1.2 meters and a length of about 6.0 meters. The ridge is 20.0 centimeters wide and compacted as far as possible. Under the border surface, it is dug 4.0 to 6.0 centimeters, flattened and firm, and the conditions can be used for hardening treatment. Leave a 40cm-60cm wide walkway against the back wall for transportation of materials during production.

Quality selection

For the production of bean sprouts in greenhouse, the summer sowing bean of small grain type is the best. This variety has the advantages of fast sprouting, less disease, good quality, strong adaptability and high yield, and the input-output ratio is about 1 ∶ 10: 12. The second is small-grain summer sowing soybean, which grows faster and has a good market, but the input-output ratio is about 1 ∶ 6: 8, it is easy to age, has more fiber than red bean, and has a general taste.

Seed treatment

After the variety is selected, the broken grains and impurities should be removed, and the seeds should be prepared according to the usable area of the border according to 2 kg / m2. Then soak it in warm water of 40 ℃ for 1.2 times, and add 2 ml rootless bud hormone to 10 kg bean seeds. After absorbing enough water, the bean seeds can be sown.

Sowing seeds

Before sowing, spread a layer of 3 cm thick nutritious soil on the finished border surface, flatten and thin, do not be firm, maintain the soil permeability and nitrogen content, and keep the soil temperature at about 50%. Spread the treated seeds evenly on the border surface, and then cover the seeds with a layer of fine sand 2 cm thick. The temperature of the sand is the same as that of the nutritious soil. After gently flattening, cover with plastic film or woven bag.

Scientific management

When the seeds are about 70% white, sprinkle a large dose of water, about 5-6 barrels per bed, and then sprinkle water once a day, keeping the temperature in the greenhouse at 25-30 ℃ according to weather conditions. When the Hypocotyl of the seed extends to 1.5 cm to 2.0 cm, the sand should be removed in time. If the sand is scattered, a little water can be sprinkled slightly. After the sand collection is finished, sprinkle the remaining sand into the border, so that the bean sprouts are all exposed. However, do not let the sun shine on the beans, and cover the small beds in the shed with colored film or other mulch if necessary. After spraying for 30 minutes, non-root bean sprout hormone and bean sprout thickening agent were sprayed, and then sprinkled regularly every day to observe the growth at any time. According to the situation, rootless bean sprout hormone or sprout thickening agent was sprayed appropriately, one for each border, and anti-stress yield increasing agent could be applied at the same time.

Harvest and matters needing attention

When the plant height is 10-12 cm, the two cotyledons do not seem to open, the bud petal is symmetrical, the bud stem is moderate, and the color is bright, it can be harvested. When harvesting, you should carefully pull it out and tie it into a small handle of 0.5 kilograms, remove the seed coat and impurities as far as possible, and maintain a good appearance.

Note:

① should take out the soil and sand used in the previous crop, replace it with new soil and sand, and disinfect the border with lime water or bromogeramine if necessary.

② should apply medicament reasonably, generally high temperature, rapid development of bean sprout, more application of rootless bean sprout hormone, less bean sprout thickening agent, application concentration and control at 800-1000 times; on the contrary, less non-root sprout hormone, more bean sprout thickening agent, application concentration should be controlled at 500-800 times.

Every time ③ uses water, it should be clean and sanitary. It is forbidden to use water with oil stain and pollution.

④ does not need daylighting during the growth period, so as not to affect the quality. if you want to produce green bean sprouts, you can increase its color and green for a short time before harvest to maintain the crisp and tender quality.