Scientific fertilization technology of ginger

Ginger refers to the rhizome of the genus Zingiber. Sexual temperature, its unique "gingerol" can stimulate gastrointestinal mucosa, make gastrointestinal congestion, enhance digestive ability, can effectively treat abdominal distension, abdominal pain, diarrhea, vomiting caused by eating too much cold food. After eating ginger, people will have a feeling of fever, because it can dilate blood vessels, speed up blood circulation and open pores on the body, which can not only take away the excess heat, but also bring out the germs and cold in the body. When the body eats something cold, gets caught in the rain or stays in an air-conditioned room for a long time, eating ginger can eliminate all kinds of discomfort caused by heavy cold in time.

The Ginger Association of Qingzhou Economic Development Zone in Shandong Province is the main ginger planting and breeding institution in China. The ginger varieties planted and sold by the Ginger Association mainly include: Shandong Dajiang, Noodle ginger, small turmeric, Shannong Dajiang No.1, Laiwu ginger, Laiwu small ginger, big meat ginger, bamboo root ginger, Laifeng ginger, Zunyi white ginger, Zhang Liang ginger, small turmeric, wild ginger more than 20 varieties of ginger.

Nutritional value of ginger

Ginger contains spicy and aromatic ingredients. The spicy component is the "ginger oil ketone" in an aromatic volatile oil. They are mainly ginger oil terpenes, water fennel, camphor terpenes, gingerol, eucalyptus oil essence, starch, mucus and so on. 95% of the edible part. It contains energy 172kj, water 87 g, protein 1.3 g, fat 0.6 g, dietary fiber 2.7 g, carbohydrate 7.6 g, carotene 170 μ g, retinol equivalent 28 μ g, thiamine 0.02 mg, riboflavin 0.03mg, nicotinic acid 0.8 mg, vitamin C 4 mg, potassium 295mg, sodium 14.9mg, calcium 27mg, magnesium 44mg, iron 1.4mg, manganese 320mg, zinc 0.34mg, molybdenum 0.14mg, phosphorus 25mg, selenium 0.56 μ g. It also contains ingredients such as gingerol, which promotes the secretion of digestive juices.

Scientific fertilization technology of ginger

The rhizome of ginger absorbs less nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the seedling stage, the absorption of phosphorus increases slowly in the vigorous growth period, and the demand for nitrogen and potassium increases sharply, especially in the early stage of the vigorous growth period, followed by nitrogen fertilizer; in the middle and later stages of the vigorous growth period, the absorption of nitrogen is more than potassium, and the absorption of potassium is more than phosphorus. Therefore, in production, formula fertilization is carried out according to the law of ginger fertilizer demand, and timely topdressing nitrogen fertilizer is helpful to increase production.

The fertilization of ginger can be divided into base fertilizer and topdressing. Base fertilizer is divided into organic fertilizer, cake fertilizer and chemical fertilizer. Organic fertilizer is applied in combination with soil preparation before sowing, generally applying 5 square meters of high-quality rotten chicken manure per mu, and rotary tillage after application; concentrated application of cake fertilizer and chemical fertilizer into the sowing ditch before sowing, generally 75 kilograms of cake fertilizer, 50 kilograms of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer per mu or 25 kilograms of urea, calcium superphosphate and potassium sulfate each.

In addition to applying sufficient base fertilizer, three times of topdressing are generally carried out. The first time to pursue "strong seedling fertilizer": the plant growth in the seedling stage is small and does not need much fertilizer, but the seedling growth period is long. In order to promote the seedling growth, the first topdressing is usually carried out when the seedling height is about 30 cm and has 1-2 branches. This time, topdressing is mainly nitrogen fertilizer, and 20 kg of ammonium sulfate or diammonium phosphate can be applied per mu. If the sowing date is too early and the seedling stage is longer, it can be fertilized for 2 or 3 times with watering, and the amount of fertilization is the same as above.

The second pursuit of "turning fertilizer": before and after the Beginning of Autumn, this is the turning point of ginger growth, but also the turning point of nutrient absorption, since then, plant growth accelerated, and a large number of nutrients accumulated to form product organs. Therefore, the demand for fertilizer and water increased, in order to ensure the high yield of ginger, the second topdressing was carried out by weeding the ginger field before and after the beginning of autumn. This topdressing plays an important role in promoting growth and rhizome expansion. This topdressing usually combines cake fertilizer or farm manure with long-lasting effect and quick-acting chemical fertilizer. With 70 kilograms of crushed cake fertilizer, 3 square meters of rotten chicken manure, 50 kilograms of compound fertilizer or 20 kilograms of urea, 30 kilograms of diammonium phosphate and 50 kilograms of potassium sulfate per mu, a fertilizer ditch was opened 15 centimeters away from the base of the plant on one side of the ginger plants. spread the fertilizer into the ditch and mix it with the soil, then cover the soil to seal the ditch, cultivate the soil, and finally pour water through.

The third topdressing "Zhuang Ginger Fertilizer": in early September, when the ginger seedlings have 6-8 branches, it is also the period of rapid expansion of the rhizome, and the third topdressing can be carried out according to the plant growth, which is called "Zhuang Ginger Fertilizer". For ginger fields with weak or general growth and ginger fields with low soil fertility, quick-acting chemical fertilizers, especially potassium and nitrogen fertilizers, can be applied to ensure the nutrients needed for the rhizome. Generally, 2530 kg compound fertilizer or 2.5 kg ammonium sulfate and potassium sulfate are applied per mu. For ginger fields with high soil fertility and vigorous plant growth, little or no nitrogen fertilizer should be applied to prevent excessive growth of stems and leaves and affect nutrient accumulation.

Zinc fertilizer and boron fertilizer can usually be used as base fertilizer or extra-root topdressing. When zinc-deficient and boron-deficient ginger fields are used as base fertilizer, 1kg of zinc sulfate and 0.51kg of borax are generally applied per mu, which are evenly mixed with fine soil or organic fertilizer, and mixed evenly with the soil in the sowing ditch when sowing: if used as topdressing and foliar spraying, 0.05% 0.1% borax per mu can be sprayed three times in seedling stage, seedling stage and rhizome expansion stage.