How to cultivate garlic seedlings in greenhouse

Garlic sprouts, also known as green garlic (garlic yellow when there is no light). The flower moss of garlic consists of two parts: the flower stem (moss stem) and the involucre (bract). The moss bud is the involucre at the top of the flowering stem of garlic, which contains underdeveloped inflorescences. The garlic seedlings with good quality should be fresh and tender, the plant height is about 35 cm, the leaves are bright green, neither yellow nor rotten, the hairy roots do not wither, and the spicy taste is strong.

Morphology of garlic seedlings

Garlic, a perennial herb, has a strong garlic stench. Bulb large, 6-10-merous, enclosing grayish white or lavender on membranous scale. Leaves basal, solid, flattened, linear-lanceolate, about 2.5 cm wide, sheathlike at base. Flower stem erect, ca. 60 cm tall; involucre long beaked, 7-10 cm long umbel, small and dense, with bracts 1-3, segments 8-10 cm long, membranous, light green flowers small, interflower mixed with reddish bulbs, 4 mm long, or completely without beads; pedicel slender, longer than flowers; perianth 6, pink, elliptic-lanceolate; stamens 6, white, anthers prominent. Pistil 1, style prominent, white, ovary superior, long elliptic-ovate, apex concave, 3-loculed. Capsule, 1-locular dehiscent. Seeds are black. Flowering in summer.

How to cultivate garlic seedlings in greenhouse?

First, environmental choice:

The greenhouse should be built within 3 kilometers without pollution sources and good environmental conditions, and the atmosphere, irrigation water and soil should meet the quality standards for the production of pollution-free agricultural products.

2. Selection of varieties:

To grow garlic, it is best to choose varieties with large heads and more lobes. Shandong white garlic and Heilongjiang Acheng purple garlic can be selected. these two varieties have high yield, good quality and disease resistance.

Third, the time of soil preparation, fertilization and cultivation:

Prepare the ground before planting garlic. Apply 10 kilograms of rotten organic fertilizer per square meter, with a thickness of about 15 centimeters, and rake the bed soil flat. For the convenience of management, you can make a bed with a width of 150cm and 200cm, leaving an aisle of 15cm and 20cm. Greenhouse garlic seedlings can be cultivated throughout autumn and winter, but usually start planting garlic in late November. Before New Year's Day, cut a knife of garlic seedlings, cut the second knife before the Spring Festival, or cut the first knife before the Spring Festival. Garlic can also be planted in stages, focusing on the market needs of New Year's Day and the Spring Festival.

Fourth, the technique of planting garlic:

1) choose garlic. Garlic cloves with dry cloves, normal stem disk growth, no frostbite, softening and yellowing, 4cm in diameter, uniform size, white and compact garlic should be selected as garlic seed. Garlic should be selected and graded in size, small garlic should be cultivated first, and garlic that can be stored should be planted later. If garlic is planted at the same time, it should be planted in different beds or different parts of the cultivation bed after classification, so that the seedlings can emerge neatly.

2) planting garlic.

1. Pickled garlic. Soak the selected garlic in a clear water tank for 12 to 14 hours, then touch the garlic skin with your hands to have a soft feeling. Remove the soaked garlic and put it on the curtain to control the water for 7 hours and then dig out the garlic.

2. Gouge out garlic. Dig up the root plate of the garlic and remove the stalks from the garlic. When gouging out garlic, you can use a flat awl or a long nail beaten with a nailhead, insert it into the root of the garlic and make a difference, the root plate and the stalk of the garlic can come off, and the garlic will not disperse. Gouging out garlic can make the garlic sprout early.

3. Grow garlic. Plant the treated garlic tightly on the greenhouse cultivation bed. Flatten the bed soil and flatten it with planks before draining garlic. In order to raise the soil temperature before draining garlic, you should dry the soil, so it is best to drain garlic in the afternoon. When arranging garlic, arrange the garlic seeds one by one in order, as tightly as possible, and keep the top of the cloves flat. The gap between garlic heads can be filled with garlic cloves. Use 15 to 17.5 kilograms of garlic per square meter. If the cultivation bed soil is dry, it should be watered thoroughly after planting; if the bed soil is moist, it can be insolated for 1 day, watered the next day, and then covered with yellow sandy soil 3cm. The garlic seedlings grown in this way are green, white and of good quality. In order to make full use of the greenhouse, two layers of cultivation beds can be built.

4. Water and sand. Watering should be flexibly controlled according to soil water content and the growth of garlic seedlings. As the growth of garlic seedlings is mainly to consume their own nutrition, water should not be too large, in order to prevent rotting roots. Generally water 3 times, the first time after planting garlic, water heavily; the second time, when the garlic seedlings grow to 10 cm, water them in the middle; and the third time, water them 3-4 days before harvest. Pay attention to the amount of water that should be reduced in turn each time, and the amount of water is appropriate. If it is found that the tip of garlic seedlings is curled and the leaves are yellow, it indicates that there is a shortage of water and local replenishment of water, but the amount of water should not be too large. For the garlic seedlings cultivated in the second layer, the water evaporates quickly because of the space temperature, and the watering times can be slightly more. In order to increase the garlic white length of garlic seedlings, improve the quality and reduce water evaporation, the soil can be cultivated for 2 times and 3 times after watering, with a thickness of 3 cm. Fine sandy soil which has been sifted and insolated should be selected.

5. Temperature management. Keep a slightly higher indoor temperature after planting to facilitate garlic sprouting and seedling growth. The temperature was kept at 25 ℃ ~ 27 ℃ in sunny days and 14 ℃ ~ 15 ℃ in cloudy days. The temperature was reduced to 10 ℃ ~ 20 ℃ before harvesting garlic seedlings. If the temperature is too high, the garlic seedlings grow fast, the leaf fibers are thin and yellowish green, the leaves lose water and wilt seriously, the quality is poor, the yield is low, and the yield is affected, and if the greenhouse temperature is lower than 15 ℃ ~ 18 ℃, the garlic seedlings grow slowly and affect the yield. The main method of cultivating garlic seedlings in greenhouse in winter is heat preservation.

6. Cut garlic seedlings. The garlic seedlings in the greenhouse can be harvested when the garlic seedlings are managed at a suitable temperature for 20 days and up to 30 cm. After cutting the head knife, after more than 20 days, when the garlic seedling is as high as 30 centimeters, the second knife is cut. If you harvest twice per kilogram of garlic, you can produce 1 to 1.2 kilograms of garlic seedlings. When cutting the head, you can put the knife 0.5 cm away from the top of the garlic so as not to affect the growth of the next crop of garlic seedlings. The garlic is harvested with a knife for 1 or 2 days, and then watered after the new buds are produced, so that the wound can heal and prevent decay. The best time to cut garlic seedlings is in the morning. The garlic seedlings are of high yield and good quality, so that they can be supplied to the market in time.