Cultivation techniques of kidney bean in arch shed in early spring

Kidney bean scientific name kidney bean (commonly known as two kidney beans or four kidney beans), legume family vegetable bean genus. Kidney beans are native to Mexico and Argentina in America, but they were introduced and cultivated in China at the end of the 16th century.

Morphological characteristics of kidney bean

Annual twining or suberect herbs. Stem pubescent or glabrous when old. Pinnately compound leaves 3-foliolate; stipules lanceolate, ca. 4 mm, basifixed. Leaflets broadly ovate or ovate-rhombic, lateral ones oblique, 4-16 cm long and 2.5-11 cm wide, apex long acuminate, apiculate, base rounded or broadly cuneate, entire, pubescent. Racemes shorter than leaves, with several flowers at the top of the inflorescence; pedicels 5-8 mm long; bracteoles ovate, with several raised veins, ca. as long as or slightly longer than calyx, persistent; calyx cup-shaped, 3-4 mm long, 2 upper lobes connected to form a retuse lobe; Corolla white, yellow, pansy or red Upper petal subsquare, 9-12 mm wide, wing Obovate, keel ca. 1 cm long, apex revolute, ovary pubescent, style compressed. Pods banded, slightly curved, 10-15 cm long and 1-1.5 cm wide, slightly swollen, usually glabrous, apex beaked; seeds 4-6, long elliptic or reniform, 0.9-2 cm long, 0.3-1.2 cm wide, white, brown, purple or spotted, navel usually white. Flowering in spring and summer.

Cultivation techniques of kidney bean in arch shed in early spring

1. Select excellent varieties

The excellent variety "Di Kidou Wang Nonghuan No. 1" is selected. The plant of this variety is short, the pods are oblate, about 22 cm long and 2 cm wide, the meat is thick and untendon, and the commodity is good.

two。 Raising seedlings

The nutrient bowl was used to raise seedlings in the sunny bed. The time of raising seedlings is in the first ten days of March. The ratio of nutritious soil is 7 parts of field soil plus 3 parts of organic crude fertilizer, and then mixed with 2 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer per cubic meter. Mix evenly and put it into a nutrition bowl, pour water into the nutrition bowl, put two bean seeds in each nutrition bowl after water infiltration, and cover the fertilizer soil 2 cm thick. Immediately after sowing, set up a frame to cover the film, cover it with 0.1 mm polyethylene plastic film, and bury it tightly with soil all around.

3. Temperature management

From sowing to seedling emergence, airtight management was adopted, the film was not uncovered and the seedlings were not ventilated. After the seedlings were unearthed, the temperature was no more than 25 ℃ in the day and more than 10 ℃ at night. The vents were released at noon on a sunny day, and the border was opened by the east and west sides at first, then the bottom of the south side was opened gradually, and the tuyere was enlarged to refine the seedlings 3 to 4 days before transplanting.

4. Transplant

Field transplanting in the first half of the final frost period, that is, April 10 or so, large and small ridge planting, small row spacing of 40 cm, large row spacing of 60 cm, plant spacing of about 25 cm. 667 square meters of compound fertilizer 30 kg, with trench application. On two ridges of kidney beans, insert a piece of bamboo every 1.5 meters, cover it with ultra-thin film and compact on both sides. Watering along ridges and furrows is beneficial to the growth of seedlings.

5. Ventilation and removal of film

After transplanting for 5 ~ 6 days, the bean seedlings began to grow again, and when it was higher than 25 ℃ at noon, it began to stand out at the top of the small arch shed, from less to more, and it was cut longitudinally at the top in the middle of May, allowing the bean seedlings to grow freely. The film will be tightly longitudinal on both sides for a period of time, which is conducive to the upward elongation and growth of bean seedlings, so as not to lodge. Watering in time during drought, no longer topdressing.

6. Picking and listing

Early harvest of young pods, one is to reduce falling seedlings, and the other is to improve commerciality. After the first harvest, if the bean seedlings grow strong, they can be fertilized and watered again to promote the growth of the bean seedlings and bear secondary fruit.