How to apply fertilizer in open field cultivation of green pepper

Green pepper belongs to the plant kingdom, dicotyledonous class, chrysanthemum subclass, Solanaceae. And red chili are collectively referred to as chili. The fruit is a berry. There are many aliases, big pepper, lantern pepper, persimmon pepper are its names, because it can bear sweet berries, also known as sweet pepper, vegetable pepper. Annual or perennial herb characterized by large fruit, less spicy or even not spicy at all, eaten as a vegetable rather than as a seasoning. Because it is green and bright, the newly cultivated varieties also have a variety of colors such as red, yellow, purple and so on, so it can not only form a dish of its own, but also is widely used in side dishes. Green pepper evolved from tropical pepper in Central and South America in North America. After long-term cultivation, domestication and artificial selection, the fruit volume increased, the pulp thickened, the spicy taste disappeared and the number of carpels and ovaries increased. China was introduced more than 100 years ago and is now widely cultivated all over the country. Green pepper is rich in vitamin c and is suitable for people with hypertension and hyperlipidemia.

Morphological characteristics of Green Pepper

Green pepper is derived from the pepper native to tropical Central and South America in North America. It is nutritious, mild and even non-spicy. It is used as a vegetable rather than as a seasoning. Because of its beautiful green onions, there are various varieties, such as yellow, green, red and so on.

How to fertilize green pepper in open field?

Green pepper is rich in protein, sugar, organic acids, vitamins and a variety of inorganic salts, especially vitamin C, which is 73-342 mg per 100 grams of fresh fruit. The growth cycle of green pepper includes three stages: germination stage, seedling stage and flowering and fruiting stage: germination stage is from seed germination to true leaf exposure; seedling stage is from real leaf exposure to bud appearance of the first flower, and basic vegetative growth and flower bud differentiation should be completed in seedling stage; flowering and fruiting stage is from budding of the first flower to pulling seedlings, and water should be properly controlled in the early stage of this period (from the budding of the first flower to the first fruit) to prevent falling flowers. After entering the fruiting period, we should strengthen fertilizer and water management, protect leaves, maintain plant growth, coordinate the relationship between vegetative growth and reproductive growth, promote seedling and fruit growth, and prolong fruit harvest period in order to obtain high yield.

Green pepper on the soil requirements are not strict, general sand, clay, can be cultivated, and to fertile soil, deep soil, good drainage loam is better. Green pepper has higher requirements for soil nutrition. Such as malnutrition, especially insufficient or excessive nitrogen, or insufficient phosphate fertilizer, often lead to a large number of falling flowers, buds, bolls, potassium is better than nitrogen, otherwise stems and leaves are underdeveloped. Because the root system of green pepper is underdeveloped, so the requirement of water is strict. Combined with the growth and fertilizer characteristics of green pepper, the principles of fertilization are as follows:

The main results are as follows: 1) heavy application of base fertilizer green pepper has a long growth period, and it is very important to apply sufficient base fertilizer, that is, on the basis of sufficient farm fertilizer, 45-50 kg of "Tianji" brand nitric phosphate and potassium fertilizer is applied per mu.

2) apply more topdressing when the diameter of door pepper reaches 2-3 cm, 10 kg of "Tianji" brand nitrophosphate per mu combined with fruit stimulating water; 15 kg of nitrophosphate per mu of "Tianji" brand in combination with soil cultivation; after entering the rainy season, in order to prevent plants from losing fertilizer after rain, 15 kg of "Tianji" brand nitrophosphate is applied per mu. Entering the second flowering and fruiting period, in order to ensure the rapid expansion of the fruit, it is necessary to combine watering with 20 kg of nitrophosphate fertilizer of "Tianji" brand per mu.

3) Storage season: to choose late autumn fruit harvest, we must pay attention to harvest before frost to avoid frost or cold injury. Chili peppers injured by frost or cold can not be used for storage or long-distance transportation. The fruit of pulling seedlings after autumn is not suitable for storage. To determine the storage period according to the arrival time of the local frost period, it is required to start storage half a month before the frost (the night temperature is below 10 ℃). The general principle is to store it as late as possible according to weather changes without frost and cold damage.

4) Field management: plots with good field cultivation management and reasonable agricultural technical measures must be selected, and special attention should be paid to the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests before harvest, so as to produce robust fruits and provide high-quality green pepper for storage. The fruits produced in the plots with poor field management and many diseases and insect pests should not be stored and transported for a long time.

5) Irrigation and rain: emphasize that irrigation should be stopped 7 days before harvest, and pre-harvest irrigation will greatly increase the rot of stored green pepper. Green peppers that are raining cannot be stored.

6) harvesting time: picking should be carried out on a sunny morning or evening when the air temperature and vegetable temperature are low. It is not suitable to pick fruit in rainy, foggy or hot sun, otherwise the fruit is easy to rot and accelerate senescence.