Cultivation and Management techniques of Green Pepper in greenhouse

Green pepper belongs to the plant kingdom, dicotyledonous class, chrysanthemum subclass, Solanaceae. And red chili are collectively referred to as chili. The fruit is a berry. There are many aliases, big pepper, lantern pepper, persimmon pepper are its names, because it can bear sweet berries, also known as sweet pepper, vegetable pepper. Annual or perennial herb characterized by large fruit, less spicy or even not spicy at all, eaten as a vegetable rather than as a seasoning. Because it is green and bright, the newly cultivated varieties also have a variety of colors such as red, yellow, purple and so on, so it can not only form a dish of its own, but also is widely used in side dishes.

Requirements of Green Pepper on Environmental conditions

Temperature requirements: the suitable temperature range is 15: 35 ℃, the suitable temperature range is 25: 28 ℃, and the germination temperature is 28: 30 ℃.

Moisture conditions: like moist, afraid of drought and waterlogging, require soil moist without stagnant water.

Light conditions: light requirements are not strict, light intensity requirements are medium, light 10-12 hours a day, which is conducive to blossom and bear fruit. The growth and development of green pepper needs adequate nutritional conditions. For every 1000 kg of green pepper, 2 kg of nitrogen, 1 kg of phosphorus and 1. 45 kg of potassium are needed. 45 kg, but also need the right amount of calcium fertilizer. For the requirements of the soil, the wet sandy loam is better, the soil pH should be neutral, and the soil can also be slightly acidic.

Cultivation and Management techniques of Green Pepper in greenhouse

Greenhouse vegetable cultivation is a form of cultivation of temperature-loving vegetables in the greenhouse to achieve early maturity, high yield and high efficiency by using the thermal insulation performance of the greenhouse in cold season.

1. Reasonable close planting

Ploughing and drying in time after harvesting before and after harvest, apply 2MUE 3 tons of mature farm manure per mu, one pack of compound fertilizer and one packet of common calcium as base fertilizer. The reasonable planting density of pepper is that the row spacing is 50-60 cm and the plant spacing is 30-40 cm. The pepper is planted in a single row with about 3000 plants per mu.

II. Field management work

1, temperature management: there is no ventilation within a week after planting, mainly heat preservation, the suitable temperature for the growth of pepper (sweet pepper, wrinkled shell) is 20 ℃ 25 ℃; the night temperature can not be lower than 10 ℃, the temperature rises, and the ventilation time of the seedling film should be closed after 9: 00-10:00 15:00-16:00. Early spraying of new high-fat membrane to shorten the slow seedling stage.

2. Water management: pepper is more tolerant to drought and waterlogging. In order to obtain high yield, it is necessary to strengthen water management. In case of drought in the flowering and fruiting period, timely irrigation is necessary to keep the soil moist.

3. Topdressing: (1) Light application of seedling fertilizer: 1000 kg of human feces and urine per mu, or 6 kg of urea and irrigation combined with ploughing and irrigation. (2) steady application of flower bud fertilizer, proper application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to promote multi-branching fruit, urea 15 kg per mu, 10 kg of calcium and 10 kg of potassium sulfate per mu. (3) heavy application of flower and fruit fertilizer: nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer: 2000 kg of human feces and urine, 20 kg of common calcium 15 kg per mu, 15 kg of potassium sulfate, 20 kg of cake fertilizer or 30 kg of compound fertilizer plus 2 kg of zinc sulfate. After application, covering soil and watering, combined with spraying pepper Zhuangtiling can enhance the nutrition matching function of all kinds of pepper plants and thicken the fruit stalks. Pay attention to 8ml 10cm from the root foot of the plant, so as not to burn the root, or the fertilizer will directly touch the rhizome and cause rot.

III. Pest control

Growing vegetables in the greenhouse most of the time, especially in winter, provides suitable environmental conditions for the overwintering reproduction of diseases and insect pests, which will make vegetable diseases and insect pests more and more serious. Therefore, the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests is the key to the success of vegetable cultivation in greenhouse. It should be sprayed with targeted agents and new high lipid membrane for prevention and treatment.

With the increase of planting years, the occurrence of green pepper brown spot in greenhouse increased year by year, which seriously affected the yield and quality of green pepper.

Green pepper brown spot mainly harms leaves as well as stems and branches. The damaged leaves first appeared near round brown spots, then gradually became grayish brown, the surface was slightly raised, the disease spots had obvious light gray center, there were dark brown concentric rings around them, and there were yellow halo circles on the edge. in severe cases, multiple disease spots were connected, and the leaves became yellow and fell off. The pathogen is a subphylum fungus, which overwinters with conidia and mycelium on diseased remains and seeds and becomes the source of infection at the beginning of the following year. High temperature and humidity are beneficial to the disease.

The occurrence of green pepper brown spot in greenhouse has four characteristics: (1) it takes a long time and can be found all year round. (2) large area. (3) the peak period is obvious. The incidence was mild in February and spread slowly from March to April, the first peak appeared in the spring greenhouse from the end of May to the middle of June, and the second peak appeared in the autumn greenhouse from the end of October to the first ten days of November, and the disease degree was more serious than that in spring. (4) the harm is serious. In the past two years, the incidence of diseased leaves was 70% in the peak period, 20%-30% in seriously diseased fields, and more than 95% in seriously diseased fields, with a large number of fallen leaves.

Agricultural measures can be taken to control green pepper brown spot in greenhouse. Implement flood-drought rotation, select sandy soil with good drainage for planting, avoid raising seedlings with diseased soil, open three ditches, reasonable irrigation, cover plastic film, reduce humidity in the greenhouse, and clean up the diseased body in time. In the greenhouse, when the temperature and humidity were high, the diseased plants were protected early, and the diseased plants were sprayed alternately with chlorothalonil, permethrin and flusilazole. In case of cloudy and rainy weather, it is appropriate to smoke when the humidity in the shed is too high, with 300 grams of fumigant 15% per mu.