Standardized cultivation techniques of Artemisia annua L.

Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum coronarium L.) Also known as Artemisia annua, chrysanthemum cauliflower, Artemisia annua, Artemisia seed, cauliflower (also known as goose cauliflower in Fujian and other places), for Compositae annual or biennial herbs, leaves alternate, long-pinnately divided, flowers yellow or white, very similar to wild chrysanthemum. Achene edge, two or three feet high, stems and leaves can be eaten when tender, can also be used as medicine.

Morphological characteristics of Artemisia annua L.

Stems and leaves: smooth or several smooth glabrous. Stem to 70 cm tall, unbranched or partly branched from upper middle. Basal leaves withered at anthesis. Middle and lower stems and leaves long elliptic or long elliptic-Obovate, 8-10 cm long, sessile, bipinnately divided. Once deeply parted or several parted, lateral lobes 4-10 pairs. The second lobe is lobed, cleft or deep, and the lobes are ovate or linear. The upper leaves are small.

Flowers: capitate inflorescences solitary stem apex or tip of a few stem branches, but do not form obvious corymbose inflorescences, pedicels 15-20 cm long. Involucral bracts 1.5-3 cm in diameter, involucral bracts 4 layers, inner layer 1 cm long, apical membranous expansion into appendage. The tongue is 1.5-2.5 cm long. Achenes of ligulate flowers have 3 raised narrow wing ribs and 1-2 obvious intercostal ribs. Tubular achenes have 1-2 ellipsoid ribs and inconspicuous interribs.

Standardized cultivation techniques of Artemisia annua L.

Artemisia annua L. is also called Artemisia seed stalk. Most of the cultivated varieties are lobular species. The leaves are small and deeply engraved, many branches, strong leaf color, strong cold tolerance, chrysanthemum likes cold climate, strong adaptability, cultivation season is not strict, spring, summer and autumn can be sown in the open field, mainly in spring. The seeds can be sown after thawing in spring, and the quality of sowing is poor after the middle of April. In standardized cultivation, attention should be paid to the following measures.

1) flat border sowing or strip sowing: in order to facilitate harvest, the width of the flat border is generally 80 to 100 centimeters, and when harvested, the ridge should be wide and hard. Apply high-quality organic fertilizer, 6000kg to 8000kg per mu, turn the land and mix well, level off and make the bed. Sow seeds as soon as the border is leveled. When sowing, first use two-toothed hooks to evenly draw a ditch on the border surface, with a depth of about 3 cm. And sow the seed. The sowing rate is 40.5 kg per mu. After sowing, hold it flat with a rake and gently pat the border surface with a shovel. When sowing, trench on the border surface according to 15 cm row spacing, ditch depth 3-5 cm, sow seeds in the ditch, and then Lou Ping.

2) suitable time seedling: chrysanthemum chrysanthemum seedlings emerge quickly, when the temperature is right, the whole seedling can be completed in 4-5 days. Weeds should be removed in time and seedlings should be interspersed after emergence. The distance between rows and plants is about 3 cm, the distance between plants is too large, the air is well ventilated, the stems and leaves are easy to harden, and the stems are too dense and thin.

3) timely watering: irrigation is very important in the growing period of Artemisia annua. If the water is insufficient, the stems and leaves will harden and the quality will become worse. Generally, the seedlings are watered when the height of the seedlings is 3-4 cm, and then watered every 3-5 days.

4) reasonable topdressing: chrysanthemum chrysanthemum seedlings start topdressing when they are 10-12 cm high. It is suitable to apply nitrogen fertilizer. Topdressing is applied lightly and many times. The effect of flushing with water is better.

Timely harvest: young shoots can be harvested 40-50 days after sowing. After each harvest, combined with watering, quick-acting chemical fertilizer was applied to promote the germination and growth of lateral branches so as to achieve the purpose of harvesting many times. Sometimes in order to change the stubble, one harvest after 50 days of sowing.