Comprehensive Control of bacterial Corner spot of Trichosanthes

Trichosanthes, also known as Trichosanthes kirilowii, Trichosanthes kirilowii, etc., is a kind of perennial herbaceous Tengben plant of Trichosanthes kirilowii for medicinal purposes, fruit shell Chinese medicine named melon wilt, seed Chinese medicine Trichosanthes seed, root traditional Chinese medicine Trichosanthes pollens. Trichosanthes can clear away heat and dissipate phlegm, moisturize the lung and resolve phlegm, nourish stomach and fluid, etc. Trichosanthes injection is clinically used in women's second trimester pregnancy, stillbirth, abortion, and has a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of cancer cells.

Morphological characteristics of Trichosanthes

Climbing vines, up to 10 meters long; tuberous roots cylindrical, thick, rich in starch, yellowish brown. Stem thicker, much branched, longitudinally angled and grooved, white extended pilose. Leaf blade papery, nearly round in outline, long and wide about 5-20 cm, often 3-5 (- 7)-lobed to middle-lobed, sparsely parted or not divided but only with unequal coarse teeth, lobes rhomboid-Obovate, oblong, apex obtuse, acute, margin often lobed again, leaf base cordate, curved deep 2-4 cm, upper surface dark green, rough, abaxially light green, pilose hirsute on both surfaces along veins, basal palmate veins 5 Veinlets reticulate Petiole 3-10 cm long, longitudinally striate, villous. Tendrils 3-7 variegated, pilose.

Flowers dioecious. Male racemes solitary, or parallel to a single flower, or solitary on branches, racemes 10-20 cm long, stout, longitudinally angled and grooved, puberulent, apical with 5-8 flowers, single pedicel ca. 15 cm, pedicel ca. 3 mm, bracteoles Obovate or broadly ovate, 1.5-2.5 (- 3) cm long, 1-2 cm wide, middle and upper coarsely dentate, base stipitate, pubescent Calyx tube cylindric, 2-4 cm long, tip enlarged, diameter about 10 mm, middle and lower diameters about 5 mm, pubescent, lobes lanceolate, 10-15 mm long, 3-5 mm wide, entire; Corolla white, lobes Obovate, 20 mm long, 18 mm wide, with a green tip in the center, filiform tassels on both sides, pilose on both sides Anthers connivent, ca. 6 mm, ca. 4 mm in diam., filaments separated, stout, villous. Female flowers solitary, pedicels 7.5 cm long, pubescent; calyx tube cylindric, 2.5 cm long, 1.2 cm in diameter, lobes and Corolla androgynous; ovary elliptic, green, 2 cm long, 1 cm in diameter, style 2 cm long, stigma 3. Fruiting pedicel stout, 4-11 cm long; fruit elliptic or orbicular, 7-10.5 cm long, yellow-brown or orange-yellow at maturity; seeds ovate-elliptic, compressed, 11-16 mm long, 7-12 mm wide, yellowish brown, ridged near margin. The flowering period is from May to August and the fruiting period is from August to October.

Growth environment of Trichosanthes kirilowii

Cultivate a warm and humid climate. More resistant to cold, not resistant to drought. It is better to choose sunny, deep, loose and fertile sandy loam for cultivation. It is not suitable for cultivation in low-lying land and saline-alkali land. It often grows under hillside forests, shrubs, grasslands and fields near villages at an altitude of 200-1800m, and is widely cultivated in natural distribution areas.

Comprehensive Control of bacterial Corner spot of Trichosanthes

What is bacterial angular spot?

Bacterial angular spot mainly harms leaves and melon strips. The leaves were damaged and became light brown after being waterlogged light green, which was polygonal due to the limitation of leaf veins. In the later stage, the lesion was grayish white and easy to perforate. When the humidity is high, white mucus is produced on the disease spot. The disease spot on the stem and melon strips is water-stained at first, nearly round, and then light gray. Cracks often occur in the middle of the disease spot, and bacterial pus is produced when it is wet. The fruit is rotten in the later stage and has a bad smell.

Symptoms of bacterial angular spot of Trichosanthes:

Occurrence characteristics: the leaf was watery at first, then gradually enlarged, and showed polygonal disease spot due to the limitation of leaf vein and translucent to light. Seriously affect the growth of leaves. If the female flowers and young fruits are damaged, the flowers and fruits will fall. There are a large number of pathogenic bacteria, high humidity and suitable temperature are the main causes of the disease. It develops rapidly when the conditions are suitable.

Comprehensive control of bacterial angular spot of Trichosanthes kirilowii

1. Agricultural prevention

Variety selection: use Jinyan 6, Xia Qing and other varieties with strong disease resistance.

Seed treatment: leave seeds on disease-free areas or disease-free plants to prevent seed carrier. Seeds should be disinfected before budding. The commonly used methods are: soak the seeds in warm soup, soak the seeds in 50 ℃ warm water for 20 minutes; soak the seeds in 200mg / kg solution or 50% bromamine 500x solution for 1 hour; or soak the seeds in 150x formalin solution for 1.5h, then rinse and sprout.

2. Cultivation and management

Rotation with non-melon crops for more than 2 years. Use sterile field soil to raise seedlings. High ridge cultivation was used to lay plastic film to reduce watering times and field humidity. The protected area is ventilated in time. Drainage in time during the rainy season. Clean the countryside in time and reduce the pathogens in the field.

Strengthen field management. Increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer and trim the vine in time. Agricultural operations such as clearing lower leaves, clearing ditches and draining water, and removing weeds in the field can effectively reduce the disease.

3. Chemical control

At the initial stage of the disease, 86.2% cuprous oxide (copper master) 1000 times solution, 25% Weitalin wettable powder 800,47% Chunlei copper oxide wettable powder 800x liquid, 14% complex ammonia copper water solution 1000 times, 30%DT fungicide 500x solution were sprayed once every 5 days for 4 times.

During the onset of the disease, 57.6% Crown bacteriolum 1000 Mel was sprayed 1200 times evenly, and the repeated field was sprayed evenly and thoughtfully 4 times after 7 mi every 10 days, but the concentration should not be increased to prevent drug damage during flowering.

4. Biological control

Spray "fine cut" 500x liquid into 30 jin of water during prevention, and spray "fine cut" 50ml+10ml "garlic oil" with 30 jin of water when the disease is serious.

5. Points for attention

1, now used, do not mix with strong acid, strong alkaline pesticides, remember! 2. if it rains within 4 hours after application, it needs to be re-sprayed. 3. If there is a slight precipitation which is normal and does not affect the efficacy, shake well when using it.