How to cultivate Dutch beans with high yield

Dutch beans belong to the genus Pea of Leguminosae, annual twining herbs with high 90~180cm. The area where Dutch beans were first cultivated was along the Thailand-Myanmar border about 12,000 years ago. Round, also known as honey beans or honey beans, flat bodies known as green beans or Dutch beans, there are small cold beans, Huai beans, sesame beans, green beans, remaining beans, golden beans, back beans, wheat peas, wheat beans, Bidou, Ma Lei, national beans, soft pod peas, pod peas, sweet beans, lotus beans, green spots, green peas, green peas and other names. It can be used for food. Dutch beans, also known as lotus kernel beans, cut beans, belong to the pea genus of Leguminosae. Mainly edible young pods, native to the Mediterranean coast and western Asia, Dutch beans tender pods crisp fragrance, high nutritional value. Cooked dried Dutch beans provide twice as much solids, calories, carbohydrates and protein as cooked green Dutch beans, but green Dutch beans contain more vitamins An and C than dried Dutch beans.

Origin and Evolution of Dutch Bean

The origin of Dutch beans: Dutch beans (Dutch beans) are not produced in the Netherlands. They are called Dutch beans because the Dutch brought them to China from their country of origin.

The evolution of Dutch beans: in the 17th century, the Dutch ruled Taiwan and Nanyang islands in Southeast Asia with a powerful sea fleet, bringing all kinds of imports from all over the world, so local residents began to call them Dutch beans. Later, the Minnan and Chaoshan people who went down to South Asia brought it back to their hometown and followed the local name, calling the Dutch bean the Dutch bean. Interestingly, "Dutch beans" is called "Chinese beans" in the Netherlands, which is just humorous on both sides. It doesn't make any sense.

Medicinal value of Dutch bean

Benefit spleen and stomach: Dutch bean flat, taste sweet, with and lower qi, benefit urination, detoxification and other effects, can benefit the spleen and stomach, Sheng Jin to quench thirst, eliminate hiccup, relieve diarrhea, relieve thirst and clear milk, treat constipation. Regular consumption has curative effect on weakness of spleen and stomach, fullness of lower abdomen, vomiting and diarrhea, postpartum milk, irritation and thirst. The seed crushing and external application can eliminate carbuncle swelling. Cooking porridge with glutinous rice and red jujube has the effect of tonifying spleen and stomach, warming and removing cold, invigorating fluid and deficiency, strengthening muscle and increasing body. Dutch beans can benefit the spleen and stomach, promote fluid to quench thirst, and lower qi, eliminate hiccups, stop diarrhea, and relieve urination. Regular consumption has curative effect on weakness of spleen and stomach, fullness of abdomen, vomiting and diarrhea, postpartum milk, irritation and thirst.

Beneficial to metabolism: it also plays an important role in enhancing the metabolic function of the human body. Beans are easy to be poisoned if they are not cooked and eaten, so you have to be more careful.

How can Dutch beans be cultivated for high yield?

In order to ensure the yield of Dutch bean, the open field planting should be in the autumn of the previous year, and select the land with loose soil quality, strong fertility, irrigation and drainage, and neutral soil acidity and alkalinity. About 30 tons of mature farm manure, 300 kg of diammonium phosphate and 150 kg of potassium sulfate are applied per hectare. Deep ploughing, raking, ridging, ridge width of 70 cm, ridge height of 15 cm.

Second, sowing seeds

1. The sowing date is usually completed before winter. When the topsoil melts to a depth of 10 centimeters, it can be sown at the top. The sowing date is usually in early May and no later than May 10 at the latest.

2. The Dutch beans are generally sown by strip sowing. The ditches are trenched in the prepared ridges with a depth of 3 to 4 centimeters. The seeds are sown in the ditches with a distance of 2 to 3 centimeters, and then covered with soil. The thickness of the covering soil is about 3 centimeters, and the seed requirement is 105 to 120 kilograms per hectare. III. Field management

1. After adjusting the emergence of Dutch bean seedlings, we should strengthen mid-ploughing, weeding and soil moisture conservation, and set up a frame to introduce branches to 5 to 6 true leaves. The scaffolding can be set up by riding a single ridge, inserting a pole on each side of a ridge, tying a pair of poles every 2 meters with a rope at the top, and then winding each pole with a strong rope 20 centimeters from the ground on each side of the ridge until the two sides of the ridge are tied up, so that the Dutch bean seedlings are kept in the binding lines on both sides. When the Dutch bean seedlings gradually grow tall, the lines on both sides are gradually tied upward with a distance of 20 cm, and always keep the stems of the Dutch beans in the binding lines on both sides to avoid turning the seedlings. In order to reinforce, add a crossbar along the opposite pole of each ridge and tie it firmly.

2. Fertilizer and water management Dutch bean should properly restrain fertilizer and water at seedling stage, timely irrigation during flowering, timely watering during the whole flowering and fruiting period, combined with topdressing for 2 to 3 times, about 225 kg of urea per hectare with water.

Fourth, how to control diseases and insect pests of Dutch beans are mainly rust, brown spot, downy mildew and powdery mildew. 20 per cent rust can be sprayed with 1000 times of metalaxyl wettable powder or 2000 times of 5 per cent Metalaxyl wettable powder. Pea leaf miner is the most common pest. Pesticides should be sprayed at the critical time from the peak of spawning to the initial stage of egg hatching. The commonly used insecticides are 2000 to 3000 times of chlorhexidine or 2.5% of Uranus 1000 to 1500 times.

V. Harvest

Dutch beans are exported and supplied to foreign countries by harvesting tender pods. The harvest standard is generally about 10 days after flowering. The pods have fully grown and the pods are 6 to 7 cm long, but the seeds in the pods have not yet expanded, the pods are very thin, and the best harvest time is that the thickness of the pods does not exceed 0.5 cm. The general harvest time can be up to 30 to 50 days.