Four key points of field management of leek

Leek, also known as "leek bud", "yellow leek bud", "yellow leek bud", commonly known as "leek white", is the product of leek yellowing by softening cultivation. Leek isolated from light, completely grow in the dark, because there is no sunlight supply, can not carry out photosynthesis, the synthesis of chlorophyll, will become yellow, called "leek yellow". It is yellowish white because it does not see the sun, and its nutritional value is inferior to that of leeks. Perennial herbs of the family Liliaceae, used as medicine for seeds and leaves. It has the effects of invigorating stomach, refreshing, relieving perspiration and astringent, tonifying kidney and helping yang, fixing essence and so on. Distributed all over the country.

The root of leek is relatively special, it has no difference between the main root and the lateral root, and there are fewer root hairs, only the fat fibrous root, which is born at the base of the rhizome disc in the year of sowing, and around and on one side of the rhizome disc in the second year. The length of fibrous root is about 30 cm, which is mainly distributed in the soil layer 20 cm below the topsoil. The results showed that the ability of leek root to absorb water and nutrients was poor. The rhizome is in the shape of a gourd and grows in the soil. It is an organ for storing nutrients, and its top growing point can produce tillering in the year of sowing.

The bulb of annual leek is flat and round, the bulb disc of biennial plant begins to elongate and continue to produce new roots, and the occurrence site of new roots tends to the outside. After that, with the increase of tillers, the rhizome extends to the surface every year, the location of the new fibrous root is also increasing, while the original old root continues to die, resulting in the so-called "jumping root" phenomenon. This enables the root system to be renewed year after year. The life span of leek rhizome is 2 ~ 3 years. With the increase of plant age, the old rhizome gradually ages and dies, and the fibrous root also dies, and new fibrous roots continue to replace the dead old roots on the upper rhizome. Generally speaking, there are about 10 fibrous roots per tiller. The number of tillers of leek seedlings more than three years old is relatively reduced, but good fertilizer and water conditions can delay this trend, so that the life span of leek lasts for a long time. The leaves are flat, banded, and the leaf sheath is closed, forming a pseudostem. From July to August, it bolted and the apical umbel was planted. The flowers are white and the seeds are black.

Four key points of field management of leek

1. Apply fertilizer and water frequently and clean up the weeds in the field in time.

When leek seedlings grow to 7-10cm, 20% concentration of human feces and urine or biogas water should be applied once (that is, 2 parts of mature human feces and urine to 8 parts of clear water), and once again after about 15-20 days, and then once every other week, the concentration is the same as that of the last time. When the leek seedlings grow to 30-50cm, 30% concentration of human feces and urine (that is, 3 parts of human feces and urine to 7 parts of clear water) are applied, and 0.5% urea is added to the feces and water. In case of prolonged drought, ditch irrigation is required, and after the border surface absorbs enough water, 50% concentration of human feces and urine plus 0.5% urea is applied. If the seedling is weak, the leaves of the plant are thin, and the thickness and hardness of the stem are not enough, organic compound fertilizer should be applied properly, the dosage of 20-25kg per 667m2. Weeds in the countryside should be cleaned up in time, so as to get rid of weeds early and diligently, so as to keep the border free of weeds.

2. Cultivate the soil and cut the green.

Soil cultivation is one of the main measures to soften the pseudostem, which is generally divided into 2-3 times. The organic compound fertilizer 20-25kg/667m2 was applied before each soil cultivation, and the fertilizer should be applied on both sides of the leek seedling row. When the pseudostem grew to 15-20cm and the seedling height was about 50cm 4-5 months after sowing (that is, transplanting) or cutting the leek for the first time, the soil was cultivated for the first time and reached the 2cm of the lotus mouth. After about 7 days, the soil was cultivated for the second time, and this time it was on a par with Hekou. If the first and second cultivation is not done and then the third cultivation is carried out, it will slightly exceed the 1cm of Hekou. The mouth of the lotus is 2cm away from the root. When cultivating the soil, first pick up and fix the leek leaves with a thin bamboo pole, and then cultivate the soil, be careful not to hurt the roots, stems and leaves, and wait until the leek leaves grow well and cut off the leek leaves above 2cm, that is, the so-called cutting green. Immediately after cutting, apply 50% concentration of human feces and urine or biogas water. If Rain Water can not chase human feces, urine or biogas water in spring, Dali brand organic compound fertilizer granules can be used instead. The dosage is 1000-1500kg of human feces, urine or biogas water per 667m2, or 100-150kg of granules.

3. Cover the grass curtain

After cutting and fertilizing, cover the grass curtain. The straw curtain is made of bamboo tail and rice straw about 2m long. first, the straw is divided into two sides, the grass tail is neatly arranged on the grass tail, the plastic thread is intertwined on the bamboo tail, and the grass head is fastened with two thin bamboo poles with a diameter of 1-1.5cm. According to the bottom width 65cm, the triangular shape of 60-65cm on both sides will cover the grass curtain on the leek ridge. The thickness of the grass curtain is opaque. Its covering height should be high rather than low, otherwise it will affect the yield and quality of leek. In case of drought after covering the grass curtain, use a sprayer to spray water 1-2 times a day when the temperature is above 30 ℃, in order to spray the grass curtain wet without dripping, in order to reduce the temperature in the grass curtain and maintain a certain humidity.

4. Cut the leek in time

When the leek yellow grows to 65cm high and the leaf tip begins to wilt, it can be harvested. The harvest time depends on the season. When the summer temperature is above 30 ℃, it can be harvested 6-7 days behind the curtain; when the temperature is 25 ℃, it can be harvested 10-13 days after the curtain; when the temperature is 18-20 ℃, it can be harvested about 20 days after the curtain. It takes about 30 days to harvest below 12 ℃ in winter. When harvesting, open the grass curtain to hold the leek yellow leaves to one side, gently dig up the soil on the other side of the leek ridge with a small hoe, and cut the leek roots evenly and forcefully in the horizontal direction with a "7" knife. The appropriate stubble height is 5-10cm. The cut chives are tied into 0.5-0.75kg, soaked in water for 1-2 hours, and then finished with clean water. After 1-2 days, 60% concentration of human and animal dung water (or biogas water) was applied on one side of the root, and 2000-2500kg per 667m2 was better, then it could be transferred to the next round of field management of leek. Generally cut chives 5 times in 2 years, each time the yield is more than 2500kg/667m2. In order to increase yield, improve quality, avoid premature senility and prolong life, it is better to harvest twice a year.