Sowing of leek and management of fertilizer and water

Leek yellow is also known as "leek bud","yellow leek bud","yellow leek", commonly known as "leek white", for leek after softening cultivation yellow products. Chives isolated from light, completely grown in the dark, because there is no sunlight supply, can not carry out photosynthesis, synthesis of chlorophyll, will become yellow, called "leek yellow." Because it does not see sunlight and is yellow-white, its nutritional value is inferior to leek. It belongs to perennial herb of Liliaceae, and is used as medicine with seeds and leaves. It has the effects of strengthening stomach, refreshing, stopping sweating and astringency, tonifying kidney and helping yang, and strengthening essence.

Leek yellow is rich in protein, sugar, minerals calcium, iron and phosphorus, vitamin A, vitamin B2, vitamin C and niacin, as well as glycosides and bitter substances. It has the functions of dispelling cold, dispersing blood stasis, strengthening physical strength, stimulating appetite, renewing bones and muscles, and treating injuries. But yin deficiency internal heat and eye disease people do not eat.

"Compendium of Materia Medica" records that "leek yellow" has the effect of kidney contraction urine.

Chives root taste spicy, warm nature; into the liver, stomach, kidney meridian. It has the effects of warming middle energizer, promoting qi and activating blood circulation, tonifying kidney and helping yang, and dispersing blood stasis. Leek leaves taste sweet, spicy, salty, warm, into the liver, stomach, kidney meridian. Warming qi, dispersing blood stasis and detoxifying. Chives seeds taste spicy, salty, warm, into the liver, kidney meridian. Tonify liver and kidney, warm waist and knees, strengthen yang and stabilize essence. Allium tuberosum L. can tonify kidney and stomach, replenish lung qi, disperse blood stasis, calm five zang-organs, promote qi and blood circulation, stop sweating and astringent, dry hiccup. Diet can also play the main treatment impotence, premature ejaculation, spermatorrhea, polyuria, abdominal cold pain, stomach deficiency heat, diarrhea, turbidity, amenorrhea, leucorrhea abnormalities, waist and knees pain and postpartum hemorrhage and other diseases.

Seed of leek

1)Seed preparation

Usually only new seeds produced in the previous year are used. Sowing can sow dry seeds, but also soaking germination. Early spring temperature is low, should sow dry seed; early summer temperature rises, general soaking germination. that is, soak seeds in warm wat at 30 - 40 DEG C and stirring 5 - 6 days before sowing, remove shriveled seeds, soaking for 24 hours after changing warm water, washing with clean water, wrapping with wet gauze and placing at 15 - 20 DEG C for germination after drying slightly. During germination, wash once a day with clean water, and sow after 3 to 4 days when the radicle is exposed.

2)Sowing time and amount

The production of leek yellow can be divided into spring and autumn sowing, spring sowing is good. As long as the monthly average temperature is stable through 5℃, the sown Allium saplings can grow healthily. Sowing in Hunan Province is generally carried out from the middle of March to the middle of April, and cannot be postponed to the beginning of summer at the latest. Otherwise, the temperature is high, difficult to manage, poor growth. In short, seizing the opportunity and sowing early in time are effective measures to prolong the production period and ensure the whole seedling.

Sowing amount: 1.8~2 kg per 666.7 square meters for direct seeding, 1.3~1.5 kg for seedling transplanting, and direct seeding is mostly adopted.

3)sowing method

Before sowing, the sowing furrows with flat bottom surface in east-west direction shall be opened on the ridge surface according to the row spacing of 73~80 cm. The bottom of the groove is 13 cm wide, the mouth is 20 cm wide, and the groove is 17 cm deep.

When sowing, the mixed fertilizer of phosphorus fertilizer, compound fertilizer and potassium fertilizer is applied in the sowing ditch first, and the fertilizer application amount is 50 - 100 kg per 666.7 square meters. After fertilizing, slightly loosen the bottom surface with a hoe, mash it, mix the fertilizer into the soil, then level the bottom surface and spread a thin layer of fine sand. In order to sow evenly, seed depth into the soil consistent, neat emergence, but also a special pressure plate (100 cm long, 10 cm wide, one end tilted and tied to the rope board).

Place it in the center of the sowing ditch, one person gently presses on the board, and the other person slowly pulls and drags it in front, so that a mark appears in the ditch, and the seeds are evenly sown in the mark. Cover with a 1 cm layer of fine sediment, then apply human and animal manure as seed cover fertilizer, concentration and amount depending on the weather. 800 kg per 666.7 m2 in sunny days, 50% water; more in rainy days, 1000 kg without water. To prevent rain washing and keep it moist, cover it with crushed straw or whole grass.

Fertilizer and water management of leek

Vegetable farmers planting leek yellow have "sunny three days of small drought, sunny five days of drought" and "leek soil can not be opened" said. It is very important to supply sufficient water and fertilizer and keep the soil moist regularly for the growth of leek. It is beneficial to the growth of tillers and leaves, increase the yield of the current year, increase the yield of the next year, and delay the senescence of plants. And can make the leaf tissue tender, achieve the purpose of improving quality. Spring sowing Allium sativum seedlings must be watered after sowing weather conditions. When the weather is dry, they should be watered once a day in the morning and evening to keep them moist, so that the seeds germinate quickly and emerge early. Generally, dry seeds can germinate 6~10 days after sowing. At this time, the whole grass covered should be removed in time, and the decomposed thin human and livestock manure should be applied once.

When Allium saplings grow to 6~10 cm high, apply 20% human and animal dung once. After 20 days, the fertilizer concentration was gradually decreased with the increase of temperature, but the fertilizer frequency and total amount should be increased. On the seventh day, 10% human dung was applied once. When the seedling height is 30~40 cm, increase the fertilizer concentration, generally 30% of human and livestock manure, and 0.2~0.3 kg urea can be added per 50 kg to promote the rapid growth of Chinese chives, thick pseudostems and thick leaves. In case of drought, it is necessary to drain the ditch to irrigate the water, and apply 50% of human and animal dung after shrinking.