Omni-directional prevention and control of mustard virus disease

Mustard is a variety of mustard. Mustard is often used to pickle salted sauerkraut. Its fleshy stem pith is the raw material of Chongqing mustard, belonging to Cruciferae and Brassica. Mustard is a kind of mustard, which generally refers to leaf mustard, such as nine-head mustard, snow mustard, pig blood mustard, tofu skin mustard and so on. Mustard is a kind of semi-dry non-fermented pickle, pickled with stem mustard as raw material. It is one of the famous special products in China, together with French sour cucumber and German sweet and sour cabbage. It was first seen in Fuling, Sichuan, China in 1898, and was then called "Fuling mustard". Because the water in the vegetable needs to be squeezed out by pressing during processing, it is called "mustard".

Pickled mustard is a good stem mustard, also known as fresh vegetable head, fresh vegetable head can also be made as a side dish, with meat stir-frying or soup, but more for pickling. It is crisp and tender, delicious and nutritious, with a special flavor, special sour and salty taste, crisp, tender and refreshing, rich in protein, carotene, dietary fiber, minerals, etc., as well as 17 kinds of free amino acids such as glutamic acid, aspartic acid, propionic acid and so on. Mustard can be used to accompany meals, stir-fry and make soup.

Omni-directional prevention and control of mustard virus disease

When sowing mustard mustard, due to the high temperature in autumn, dry soil and serious harm of aphids, it is very disadvantageous to the sowing and breeding of mustard mustard, which is easy to cause virus disease and has a great impact on yield and quality. According to years of practice, the following measures can be taken in production to reduce the harm of virus diseases.

1 carry out crop rotation and stay away from the source of poison

Mustard seedbed and field cultivation require more than one year of rotation. Cruciferous vegetables such as Chinese cabbage and radish should not be selected as previous or adjacent cropping, far away from poisonous crops. The seedbed is required to be fertile and adjacent to water sources.

2 sowing at the right time

According to the climatic characteristics of autumn, it is appropriate to sow seeds around October 5. At present, many vegetable farmers in northern Zhejiang often sow seeds earlier, and some even sow before September 20. because the temperature is still high, Rain Water is less, and the climate is dry, it is the period of recurrence of autumn aphids, especially the high density of winged aphids and frequent activities. the virus spreads quickly and is prone to virus disease. Moreover, in the case of early sowing, there are more aphids in the field after seedling transplanting, which brings difficulties to aphid control. In addition, when sowing too early, the plant was too large before overwintering, and the nodular stem expanded before the year, and after the year, the nodular stem was formed on top of the nodular stem formed before the year, resulting in the phenomenon of large and small tumorous stems in the upper and lower parts. this kind of nodular stem not only reduces the appearance quality, but also increases the cellulose and reduces the product quality. If the sowing is too late, it is easy to freeze injury due to the small plant size and poor resistance before the year, resulting in late growth after the year, and it is difficult to obtain high yield.

(3) to raise seedlings with anti-insect net and increase the sowing density appropriately.

Properly increasing the sowing density is beneficial to improve and keep the surface moist, generally sowing about 750g per 667 square meters of seedling bed, and the seedlings can be planted in the field of 4667 square meters. Drought resistance and moisturizing should be carried out at the seedling stage in case of drought.

Under certain conditions, small arch shed insect control net can be used to raise seedlings, which can put an end to aphids, reduce the chance of virus disease transmission, and help to cultivate healthy and strong seedlings. However, in the case of raising seedlings with anti-insect nets, the sowing density should be appropriately reduced, and at the same time, about 7 days before planting, the anti-insect nets should be removed to train the seedlings so that they can adapt to the field environment as soon as possible.

4 strengthening the management of fertilizer and water

The seedbed should apply mature human feces and urine as basic fertilizer, apply 1000kg every 667m2, apply a small amount of urea after emergence, and apply compound fertilizer 5kg once in the middle stage to increase resistance. The seedlings aged 30-35 days and 5-6 leaves were transplanted with soil, and the overlong roots were cut off with scissors when transplanting. In case of drought after planting, attention should be paid to watering (irrigation) to resist drought to ensure the slow growth of living seedlings.

5 timely and thorough control of aphids

5% diazinon granules or 3% Hudijing granules 2~3kg were used to control underground pests in every 667m2 seedbed before sowing. After emergence, 10% of the pesticides were used to control aphids for 3 times, respectively in the first and middle of October, late October and before planting. Control aphids twice after transplanting in the field. The focus of spraying is on the growth point of seedlings (plants), the back of leaves, and pay attention to spraying the surrounding vegetable fields and weeds.